LADY CADOGAN'S

Illustrated Games of Solitaire or Patience

_NEW REVISED EDITION_

INCLUDING American Games

"How poor are they that have not patience. "--OTHELLO. 

_Patientia vincit. _

PHILADELPHIADAVID McKAY COMPANYWashington Square

Copyright, 1914, by DAVID MCKAY COMPANY

Printed in United States of America

[Transcriber's Note: This alphabetical list of the games was producedfor the convenience of the reader and is not contained in the originaltext. ]

 CONTENTS

ANNA THE FIFTEENBABETTE THE FISH-BONECÆSAR THE FLOWER-GARDENCANFIELD OR KLONDIKE THE FOUR CORNERSFORTRESS THE FOURTEENTHGENERAL SEDGEWICK THE GREAT THIRTEENLA BELLE LUCIE THE HEMISPHERESLA NIVERNAISE THE HERRING-BONELIGHT AND SHADE THE KINGSMARGARETHE THE LABYRINTHMOUNT OLYMPUS THE "LOUIS" PATIENCENAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA THE MILLNAPOLEON'S SQUARE THE NATIONNESTOR THE OLGARED AND BLACK THE QUEENSSLY THE SALIC LAWSPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN THE SHAHTHE BESIEGED CITY THE SQUARETHE BLOCKADE THE SULTANTHE CARPET THE TERRACETHE CLOCK THE WHEELTHE CONGRESS THE ZODIACTHE CONSTITUTION TWO RINGSTHE EMPRESS OF INDIA

EXPLANATION OF THE TABLEAUX

The blank spaces show where the foundation cards should be playedduring the deal. 

EXPLANATION OF TERMS

_Available cards. _ Those that are not "blocked" by other cards, _i. E. _, not forbidden by the particular rules of each game, to be used. 

_Released cards. _ Those which, by the removal of the cards that blockedthem, have now become available. 

_Suitable cards. _ Those whose value and suit fit them to be played orplaced in the tableaux. 

_Foundation cards. _ Those on which the Patience is formed. These aregenerally aces and kings. 

_Marriage. _ The placing a card _of the same suit_ on the next one aboveor below it in value. Any number may be placed on each other in thisway. 

_Sequence. _ The regular succession of cards ascending from ace to king, or descending from king to ace; a sequence need not be of one suit. 

_Value. _ The figures of the court cards, and the number of points ofthe minor ones. 

_Suit. _ Either hearts, spades, diamonds, or clubs. 

_Lane. _ An empty space in the tableau, which has been formed by theremoval of an entire row of cards. 

_Talon. _ Cards which, being unsuitable at the moment, are laid aside inone or more packets till they can come into use. 

_To play cards. _ The _placing them on the foundations_ incontradistinction to placing them elsewhere. 

_Re-deals. _ These are always in addition to the original deal. 

[Illustration: LA BELLE LUCIE. ]

LA BELLE LUCIE

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

 I. The uppermost card of each packet is alone available, until by itsremoval it releases the one beneath. 

II. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out the entire pack in packets of three cards dealt together andplaced as in tableau. The last packet, however, will contain but onecard. 

The four aces form the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequenceto kings. 

Having placed the tableau, take any aces that may appear on the surfaceof the packets and play them in their allotted spaces, and upon themany other suitable cards, subject to Rule I. 

When all available cards have been played, you proceed to releaseothers, by forming marriages in a descending line on the tableau; butgreat care is requisite, lest in releasing one card another still morenecessary to success should be blocked. The whole tableau should becarefully examined, and the combinations arranged so as to release thegreatest number of suitable cards. 

When this has been done, and there are no more available cards to play, the entire tableau may be taken up, shuffled and re-dealt (if necessarytwice), then played again as before. 

This game can also be played with two packs, the eight aces forming thefoundation cards, and double the number of packets being dealt for thetableau. It is then called "THE HOUSE IN THE WOOD. "

There is also another way of playing it with two packs. The foundationcards to be four aces, and four kings of different suits, and marriagesmade both in ascending and descending lines. The name of this game is"THE HOUSE ON THE HILL. "

[Illustration: NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA. ]

NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only cards in the lowest row are available, until a card in anyother row is released by the removal of those below it, the principlebeing that _no card can be used that has another below it_. 

II. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out from left to right four rows of ten cards. 

The eight aces, when they can be placed, form the foundation cards, andare to ascend in sequence to kings. 

Should any aces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allottedspaces, and upon them any suitable cards to continue the foundations(Rule I). 

You must now examine the tableau and endeavor by forming marriages (indescending line, and always subject to Rule I) to release othersuitable cards. This, however, must be done with care, lest a sequencein a lower row may block a card above it which is much wanted, andmight soon have been released. 

If by these changes you can make a vacancy in the uppermost row (thusforming a perpendicular lane), it is of the greatest use. The vacancymay be refilled with any available card from the tableau or from thetalon, but you are not obliged to refill it until a favorableopportunity occurs. 

_Note. _--Some players only allow the vacancy to be filled from thetalon. 

The card so placed has all the privileges of the original card whoseplace it fills, and is treated in the same manner. 

When there are no more available cards to play, proceed to deal out theremainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, playing allsuitable ones on the foundations, or placing them on the sequences ofthe tableau. The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in onepacket, forming the talon. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE FIFTEEN. ]

THE FIFTEEN

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only cards in the seventh or lowest row are available, until bytheir removal those above them are released. _No card can at any timebe used that has any other below it. _

_Note. _--There is one exception to this rule, in case the game cannotbe opened. See below. 

II. Each foundation must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out the entire pack from left to right in horizontal rows, fifteencards in each, excepting the last one, which can only contain fourteen. Each row should partly cover over the preceding one; four aces and fourkings form the foundation cards, the aces ascending in sequence tokings, the kings descending in sequence to aces. _When the deal iscomplete_, if any foundation cards should appear in the lowest row(Rule I), play them at once on the spaces reserved, and also any othersuitable cards--then marry, both in ascending and in descending lines, subject to Rule I; but if, after these changes, no foundation card isavailable, so that the patience cannot even begin, you may withdrawfrom the sixth row one ace and one king, if any are to be found (seenote to Rule I), immediately filling the spaces so made with the cardsbelow which had previously blocked them. If even this resource isunavailing, the patience has already failed, there being no re-deal, and no further infringement of rules allowed. 

When one or more foundations are established, examine the tableaucarefully, marry all available cards, and endeavor by these changes torelease the greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, andto open out one or more perpendicular lanes. These are of the greatestuse; you may select any available card and place it at the top of thelane, and below it any others in sequence of the same suit, each cardpartly concealing the preceding one, as in the original deal. 

You may also use the lane for reversing any sequences previously made. Thus, supposing there is a sequence beginning with a ten and endingwith a three (the ten being required for one of the foundations), placethe three at the top of the lane, the other cards following until theten becomes the lowest or available card. 

In theory this patience is simple, but it is very difficult to play. The combinations are endless, from the constant reversing of sequences, and require great attention. As the success principally depends on thelanes, it is more prudent, when you have only one, not to refill ituntil by some fresh combination you can open out another one. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE SALIC LAW. ]

THE SALIC LAW

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only the cards on the surface of the king packets are available, until their removal as usual releases those beneath, but all the cardsin each packet may be examined. 

II. The foundations do not follow suit. 

PLAY

Take from the pack and place one king to begin the line of eight kings, that are to be successively placed in a horizontal row as they appearin the deal. On this first king you place all the cards as you dealthem until the next king appears. You now place the cards as you dealthem upon this second king, and you continue thus to deal out the wholepack, always heaping upon the last king that has appeared all the cardsas they are dealt. 

The eight aces are to form the foundation cards, and are to ascend insequence to knaves (Rule II). When in the course of the deal any acesappear, they are to be immediately placed in a line above the kingpackets, and upon them any suitable cards (Rule I), and when the queensappear they are to be placed in a row above the foundations. The queensare merely placed to complete the final tableau, which, if the patiencesucceeds, consists of the eight queens above, the eight knavesfinishing the foundations in the centre, and the eight kings below. Youmust continually examine the surface of the king packets to play anysuitable cards on the foundations, and in so doing endeavor to freesome of the kings entirely, for when the deal is ended you are allowedto place one card from any of the other packets (Rule I) on each king, and you must, of course, choose those cards that will release thegreatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, for whichpurpose the whole packets may be examined. In this consists the entireplay. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE FOUR CORNERS. ]

THE FOUR CORNERS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. After the deal is completed, the uppermost card of each packet isavailable and may be placed on _any of the foundations_, the cardsunderneath being released as usual by the removal of those that coveredthem. 

II. Each foundation must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out twelve cards as in tableau, beginning on the left. Place thetop corner card, then the four side cards, lastly the lower cornercard; repeat this process on the right hand, beginning with the topcorner, and leaving space in the centre for the foundation cards. Thesewill consist of four aces and four kings of different suits, the acesascending in sequence to kings, and the kings descending in sequence toaces. 

Having dealt the first round of twelve cards, proceed to deal out theentire pack in successive rounds covering the first one, but in dealingeach several round the following method must be strictly observed:

The eight foundation cards, as they appear in the deal (whether theyfall on the corner or on the side packets), are to be at once played inthe space reserved for them, and on these may be played any suitablecards which in dealing fall _on either of the four corner packets_; butwhen a card (otherwise suitable) falls on either of the _side packets_, it may not be played unless the foundation to which it belongs happensto be the one _immediately adjoining the side packet on which that cardfell in dealing_. 

_Note. _--Whenever in dealing a card is withdrawn, to place on one ofthe foundations, the next card in the pack is placed in its stead. 

_After the entire deal is completed_ these restrictions cease, allsuitable cards may now be played, subject to Rule I, and marriages, both in ascending and descending lines, may be made with cards on thesurface of the twelve packets; great care must, however, be taken inmaking these marriages, lest in releasing one card you block anotherthat is equally required. The contents of each packet should becarefully examined, and only those marriages made which release thegreatest number of suitable cards. 

_Note. _--The sequences thus made may be reversed if required, viz. , ifone of the packets contained a sequence, beginning with deuce andascending to eight (this being, of course, the top card), and one ofthe other packets had at the top a nine of the same suit, the eightmight be placed on the nine, the rest of the sequence following, tillthe deuce became the top (or available) card. 

When all possible combinations have been made, and further progress isimpossible, the twelve packets may be taken up in order, beginning onthe left, re-dealt, and played exactly as before. If necessary, theremay be two re-deals. 

[Illustration: THE MILL. ]

THE MILL

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. All cards in the wings are available. 

II. The five foundations do not follow suit. 

PLAY

Take from the pack one ace and place it in the centre before you; nextdeal out eight cards, grouping them round the ace to represent thewings of a windmill. The _first four kings_ that appear in dealing areto be played in the four angles (see tableau). These, with the centreace, form the five foundation cards. Each of the four kings is todescend in sequence to ace, while upon the centre ace four entirefamilies are to be piled in sequences (Rule II). 

Having placed the centre ace and the wings, take from the latter anykings for the foundations, or other suitable cards to play on them, oron the centre ace, filling up the spaces so made from the cards in yourhand. Then proceed to deal out the remaining cards, turning them one byone, playing all whose value admit of it on the foundations. The cardsthat cannot be so used are placed aside in one packet, forming thetalon. 

_Note. _--The four families on the centre ace each begin with ace andend with king. 

It is better to play cards from the talon rather than from the wings. 

Vacancies in the wings must be _immediately_ refilled from the pack ortalon. 

In forming the foundations, the uppermost card of either of the kingpackets may be transferred, if suitable, to the ace packet; but thisprivilege is limited to _one_ card of each at a time, and may only beresorted to when the playing of that card would bring into immediateuse any other available card of the wings or of the talon. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE SHAH. ]

THE SHAH

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. During the deal cards in each circle of the star are available untilanother circle blocks them. After the deal is completed only cards inthe third (or outer) circle are available until, as usual, theirremoval releases the inner circles. 

 II. Marriages are limited to cards in the third circle; cards in theinner circles, even when released, can only be played, but not married. 

III. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Take from the pack the eight aces and the eight kings. Throw asideseven of the kings and place the remaining one in the centre, with theeight aces surrounding it in a circle. 

The king is called The Shah, and remains alone. The aces are thefoundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence to queens. 

Next deal out a circle of eight cards, beginning at the top andcontinuing from left to right. If any of these are suitable, play them, filling the spaces at once from the cards in your hand. Then deal out asecond circle, blocking the first one (Rule I), and treat it in thesame manner, then a third circle, which completes the rays of the star. 

_Note. _--In the pattern tableau the third circle is omitted for want ofspace. 

You should now examine the star, to see if there are any availablecards which it would be advantageous to marry, or to play (Rules I andII), but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunityoccurs. Marriages can only be made in descending line. 

_Note. _--It is often better to wait until, in dealing, a card turns uplikely to be soon required, and then, by playing or marrying, you makea vacant space in which to place it. 

When you have played or married all the cards you wish, the spaces somade must be refilled from the talon or pack, beginning with the innercircles, and proceeding from left to right as before. 

The remaining cards are dealt out in the usual way, those not requiredfor the foundations, or for marrying, or for refilling spaces formingthe talon. 

When a lane, _i. E. _, one entire ray of the star, is opened out, theplace of the _inner_ card may be filled by _one card_ from the thirdcircle. This is sometimes of great use, and is a kind of "grace, " asthis patience seldom succeeds. The other two spaces are refilled fromthe talon, and this must be done at once, as each ray must always becomplete. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE BLOCKADE. ]

THE BLOCKADE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. All cards in the first row are available, but as each row is placedit blocks the preceding one. 

The removal of any card in the lower rows releases the one immediatelyabove it, the principle being that all cards are available that have_no others below them_. 

II. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out twelve cards in a horizontal line. Aces may be played as theyappear, but no other card can be played until the row is complete. Theeight aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence tokings. 

When the first line is placed, play any suitable cards, and then marryin descending line, but be careful to place the cards exactly over eachother, to avoid confusion. The vacancies thus caused must beimmediately refilled from the pack, then again play and marry. Whenneither can be done, deal out another row underneath the first, and, when it is complete, play, marry, and refill spaces as before. 

You continue to deal out successive rows until the pack is exhausted, always pausing between each row to play, marry, and refill spaces. 

In the course of the game vacancies will often be made in the higherrows. These must always be refilled first. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE CLOCK. ]

THE CLOCK

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. When the circle is formed, the uppermost cards of each packet areavailable, and their removal releases as usual those beneath. 

 II. Marriages can only be made with cards in the circle, and not withthose from the pack or talon. 

III. Vacancies in the circle must be refilled with cards from the pack, but not from the talon; each packet must be refilled so as to contain_not less_ than three cards. 

 IV. The twelve foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the twelve cards, as in Tableau No. 1, and placethem in their exact order against the hours of the clock represented. These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence untileach packet attains the hour of the clock against which it is placed. 

Having placed these twelve foundations, proceed to deal out a circleconsisting of twelve packets of three cards dealt together--so spreadthat each card is visible (see dotted line). From this circle you firstplay all suitable cards (Rule I), and then marry in a descending line(Rule II), and then refill spaces (Rule III). This last should be donein order, from left to right, beginning at the numeral I, and all thepackets refilled before proceeding again to play or to marry. 

_Note. _--Although each packet must never contain less than the originalnumber of three cards, they will often, by marriages, contain more. 

You are not obliged to play cards which would be more useful if left onthe circle. 

When all further progress is at an end, deal out the remaining cards;play all suitable ones, then marry and refill spaces, but be carefulnot to infringe Rule II. 

The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one packet, forming the talon, which can only be used to play on the foundations. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: FORTRESS. ]

FORTRESS

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

 I. Only the outside cards of each group are available, until by theirremoval the next ones are released, the principle being that no cardcan be used _that has another outside it_. 

_Note. _--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of theright-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group. 

II. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out the entire pack horizontally in two groups, as in tableau, beginning at the left hand, and dealing straight across each group, leaving space in the centre for four aces. These, when they can beplayed, form the foundation cards, and are to descend in sequence tokings. 

Should any aces appear on the _outside_ of either group, play them, asalso any other suitable cards for continuing the foundations (Rules Iand II). 

You next proceed to form marriages, both in ascending and in descendinglines, with cards on the outside of _both_ groups (Rule I). But thismust be done with extreme care, so as not only to release the greatestnumber of suitable cards, but also, if possible, to open out one entirehorizontal row of cards to form a lane. The success of the gameentirely depends on these lanes. If, therefore, you succeed in openingout one, it is more prudent not to refill it until, by some freshcombination, others can be made. 

When a lane is to be refilled, select any available card (Rule I), andplace it at the inner end of the lane, and along it any others insequence of the same suit, the last card being, of course, theavailable one. 

One great use of these lanes is to reverse any sequences that have beenmade by marriages in the ascending line. 

_Note. _--Supposing you have placed upon a deuce a sequence ending witheight; place the eight at the inner end of the lane, the other cardsfollowing in succession until the deuce becomes the outside card. Whenthere are more cards in the lane than the original number, they can beplaced partly over each other. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE FOURTEENTH. ]

THE FOURTEENTH

Two Entire Packs of Cards

PLAY

Deal out twenty-five cards in five rows, each containing five cards. The object is to compose the number fourteen with any two cards takeneither from a perpendicular or from a horizontal row. The knave countseleven, the queen twelve, and the king thirteen. 

The cards so paired are withdrawn, and their places filled by the cardsin your hand. 

If in the course of the game the number fourteen cannot be composed, one chance remains--any two cards may be taken from their properposition, and may change places with any other two cards; and it isonly in making this exchange, so as to produce one or more fourteens, that the player has any control over the success of the game, thesuccess consisting of the entire pack being paired off. In the tableauthree fourteens could be at once composed: The ten of hearts with thefour of clubs, the knave of spades with the three of hearts, the eightof diamonds with the six of spades. 

[Illustration: THE SULTAN. ]

THE SULTAN

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULE

The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack and place the eight kings and one ace of heartsas in tableau. 

The centre king of hearts is called the Sultan, and remains alone. Theother seven kings, with the ace of hearts, form the foundation cards. Each of these seven kings begins with ace, and ascends in sequence toqueen. The ace of hearts ascends in the same manner, so that all theeight packets surrounding the Sultan end with queens. 

You next deal out eight cards, four on either side (see tableau). Theseconstitute the Divan. From this Divan you can play any suitable cardson the foundations, and, having done so, proceed to deal out theremainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, those that are notsuitable for the foundations being laid aside in one packet, formingthe talon. Vacancies in the Divan must be immediately refilled from thetalon, or, when there is no talon, from the pack. 

The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt, if necessary, twice. 

[Illustration: LA NIVERNAISE. ]

LA NIVERNAISE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The Line is to consist of six packets, of which the uppermost cardof each is alone available, until by its removal the one beneath isreleased--_the card which is uppermost at the time being always theavailable one_. 

 II. As many cards in each of the packets forming the Line may beexamined as there are vacancies in the Flanks. 

III. All foundations must follow suit. 

 IV. In re-dealing, the Line packets must be taken up in succession, beginning on the left; then the whole together turned and re-dealt asbefore. 

PLAY

Place two perpendicular rows of four cards each, called Flanks, leavingspace in the centre for four aces and four kings of different suits. These, when they can be played, form the foundation cards, the kingsdescending in sequence to aces, the aces ascending in sequence tokings. 

You next deal from left to right six packets, each composed of fourcards dealt together, and placed in a horizontal line underneath. Thesepackets are called the Line, and will receive successive additions. 

If any of the foundation cards appear on the surface of the Line, or onthe Flanks, play them in the spaces reserved; as also any othersuitable cards subject to Rule I, taking, however, in preference, cardsfrom the Flanks, as the vacancies so made are most important. 

_Note. _--So necessary to success are these vacancies that if, afterdealing the first round of the Line, none have been made, it isscarcely worth while to continue the game. 

They may be filled from the pack or from the Line, but it is neverprudent to fill up all vacancies; one at least should be left. 

Single cards are not to be replaced on the Line; but if an entirepacket has been played off, four more cards are to be immediatelyplaced in its stead, and this rule applies to each several round. 

When the resources thus far are exhausted, deal a second round of fourcards together, on each of the Line packets as before, and continuethus to deal successive rounds until all the cards are dealt out, butbetween each round pause and examine the Line (Rule II) and the Flanks, and play all available cards. 

The whole of the pack having been dealt, and further progress at anend, take up the line as prescribed in Rule IV, re-deal, and playexactly as at first. 

There is only one re-deal. 

In forming the foundations, one card at a time may be exchanged fromthe ascending to the descending sequences, and _vice versâ_. 

[Illustration: THE EMPRESS OF INDIA. ]

THE EMPRESS OF INDIA

Four Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. All cards in the Army and Navy are equally available if played in pairs (_i. E. _, one black and one red), but no card of either color can be played on a foundation _unless a card of the other color is played at the same time on another foundation_. 

 II. Vacancies in the Army and Navy must be immediately refilled withcards of their own color from the talon, or, when there is no talon, from the pack. 

III. Cards from the pack or talon cannot be played at once, but mustfirst pass through the Army or Navy. 

 IV. The talon consists of two packets, one of red, the other of black, cards. 

 V. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight black aces and the eight black queens, the eight red kings, and the eight red knaves. 

Place these cards as in the tableau, throwing aside the four queens ofspades and three queens of clubs. 

The remaining queen of clubs represents the Empress; the knaves, theguard of British soldiers, and these nine cards remain alone. 

The eight black aces and the eight red kings are the foundation cards, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, representing Admirals, thekings descending in sequence to aces, representing Generals. 

_Note. _--The red sequences must omit knaves, the black ones must omitqueens. 

Deal out four horizontal rows, each containing twelve cards, of whichthe two upper rows are to be red (the Army), the two lower ones black(the Navy). 

They are to be dealt at the same time, and if after the two rows of onecolor, say red, are finished, more red cards turn up, they must be laidaside as a talon (Rule IV). 

When the Army and Navy are complete, if any available pairs of cardshave been dealt (Rule I), play them (the first pair must, of course, bea black two and a red queen), and refill the spaces; but if thereshould be none, you may proceed to pair cards. Any card in the Army maybe placed on any card in the Navy, and _vice versâ_, but the cards sopaired cannot afterwards be separated, but must be played _at the sametime_ on their respective foundations. The vacancies thus made must beimmediately refilled (Rule II). 

Each card can only be paired once. 

You may choose your own time for pairing cards. For instance, if yourequire, say, a ten of clubs for one of the foundations, you may defermaking a vacancy in the Navy until the ten of clubs is at the top ofthe talon. When you have played all available cards, deal out theremainder of the pack, those not required to fill vacancies beingplaced in two packets (Rule IV). 

There is no re-deal. 

_Note. _--The Army and Navy could not be placed in the tableau from wantof space. 

[Illustration: THE BESIEGED CITY. ]

THE BESIEGED CITY

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations are formed with cards from the Ramparts and from thepack. Cards from the talon must pass through the Reserve, and theReserve must pass into the Ramparts before they can be played. 

 II. Cards in the Ramparts may be placed on each other either in the usual ascending and descending sequences, or in the order in which they will be played, viz. , queen on two, knave on three, and so on, or _vice versâ_. They must be of the same suit; and sequences, both in ascending and in descending lines, may be placed in the same packet. 

Cards in the Ramparts may be transferred from one packet to another atdiscretion (the top card of each being alone available), and they mustfollow suit. 

III. Cards in the Reserve may in the same way be placed on those in theRamparts, _but only on the cards at the ends or sides of the line_ fromwhich they are taken. 

_Note. _--In the tableau the four of clubs could only be placed on cardsat A, B, C, or D, and in this case only on D. 

 IV. Vacancies in the Ramparts are filled from the Reserve with any cardin the row at the end of which the vacancy occurs. 

_Note. _--In the tableau a vacancy at B or D could only be filled by thefour or ace of clubs, or by the seven or six of spades; and a vacancyat A or C, by the ace of diamonds or by the three or four of clubs. 

 V. Vacancies in the Reserve are filled from the talon or, when there isno talon, from the pack. 

 VI. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal twelve cards in four rows of three cards each. Then deal an_outside row_ of fourteen cards placed crossways. These are the"Ramparts. " The inside twelve cards are the "Reserve. "

The foundation cards are four aces of different suits. On these areplaced kings, then deuces, queens, threes, and so on, each foundationconsisting of alternate sequences, ascending and descending, andfinishing as well as beginning with aces (Rule VI). 

Having placed the tableau, take from the Ramparts aces or other suitablecards (if any have been dealt), and play them in their allotted places, _immediately filling each vacancy as it occurs_ (Rules IV and V); thismust be done throughout the game. Then transfer cards in the Ramparts, and from the Reserve, as directed in Rules II and III. 

When you have done all that you wished (for it is optional), and againplayed if you can, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards notsuitable for the foundations being placed in a talon. 

At the end of the patience, when the talon is exhausted and all thecards have been dealt, should there still be cards in the Reserve whichcannot be transferred to the Ramparts, you may transpose them to effectthis if you can. 

This patience is exceedingly difficult. 

[Illustration: THE FLOWER-GARDEN. ]

THE FLOWER-GARDEN

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

 I. Any card in the Bouquet and the uppermost cards of the Garden areavailable. The removal of the top cards releases those beneath. 

 II. The foundations must follow suit. 

III. Cards placed in sequence on the Garden _need not_ followsuit. 

PLAY

Deal six packets of six cards dealt together, and so spread that allare visible. The four aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascendin sequence to kings (Rule II). 

Sixteen cards will remain, which are called the Bouquet, and must bekept in the hand. Take from the Bouquet and from the Garden any aces orother suitable cards (Rule I) and play them. 

Next place cards in descending sequences in the Garden, transferringthem from one packet to another as often as you please (Rules I andIII), and you may place cards from the Bouquet in the same way. Forexample, place the four of diamonds (see tableau) on the five of clubs, then take the ten of hearts from the Bouquet and place it on the knaveof diamonds. The nine of clubs can now be transferred, and the ace anddeuce of diamonds are released. 

This patience is exceedingly difficult. Cards taken from the Bouquetcannot be returned to it, and there is only one deal. The greatest caremust, therefore, be taken in placing cards in sequence and in playingthem. You are not obliged to do either, and it is often better to leavea card than to play it, as it may be useful in releasing others. 

When an entire packet is cleared off, you may begin a new one with acard from the Bouquet or from the Garden (Rule I), and this is oftenthe only means of removing a king, which, being the highest card, cannever be transferred. 

[Illustration: THE HEMISPHERES. ]

THE HEMISPHERES

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only cards that belong to their proper hemisphere are available. 

 II. Cards of the wrong colors may be _exchanged_ into their proper hemispheres whenever the opportunity occurs, and at the end of the game, when all the cards are dealt and the talon is exhausted, they may be _transferred without an exchange_. 

III. Cards may only marry those belonging to their own Race, but cardsfrom the talon may marry those of any Race. 

 IV. The barriers cannot be moved till the end of the game, when theyare played to complete the foundations. 

 V. All the foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Take from the pack and place as in tableau the four red aces and thefour black kings. 

Then place _crossways_ a king of hearts and a king of diamonds, an aceof clubs and an ace of spades. The four latter cards are calledbarriers, and divide each Race. 

The four black kings and the four red aces form the foundation cards, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending insequence to aces. 

The red cards, representing Europeans and Asiatics, should inhabit thenorthern hemisphere; the black cards, representing Australians andAfricans, the southern; but it is obvious that, in dealing andrefilling vacancies, cards will often be found in the wronghemispheres, _and while there they cannot be used in any way_. 

Having placed the foundations and the barriers, deal out (from left toright, beginning from the king of hearts) a circle consisting of threecards between each barrier. These represent the four Races. From theseRaces you play, marry, and exchange all available cards subject toRules I, II, III, and V. 

_Note. _--The red suits marry in descending line; the black, inascending line. 

This done, you deal out the remainder of the pack, first refillingvacancies in the Races (proceeding from left to right, as in theoriginal deal) and then playing all suitable cards. The rest form thetalon, from which cards may marry those in the circle, subject to RulesI and III. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: NAPOLEON'S SQUARE. ]

NAPOLEON'S SQUARE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only the uppermost cards of the packets in the square are availableuntil, by their removal, the cards underneath are released, but thewhole of the square may be examined. 

 II. When a vacancy in the square is caused by the removal of an entirepacket, the space may be filled by one card from the talon or pack, butthis need not be done until a favorable opportunity occurs. 

III. All the foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal out twelve packets, each consisting of four cards dealt together, so as to form three sides of a square, leaving space in the centre forthe eight aces. These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend insequence to kings. 

If any aces appear on the surface of the square, play them in theirallotted places, as also any other suitable cards. 

You next proceed to form marriages in a descending line with the cardsof the square, subject to Rule I. As usual, great judgment must beexercised in making these changes, lest cards underneath should beblocked by a sequence of higher cards of the same suit. If this were tooccur in two packets, _i. E. _, if in both cases sequences, say, ofdiamonds blocked lower cards of the same suit, success would beimpossible. 

_Note. _--If after dealing the square two kings of one suit were foundto be blocking two smaller cards of that suit, either the whole must betaken up and re-dealt, or one king must be slipped underneath. 

You now proceed to play out the rest of the cards, those that are notsuitable for the foundations or for the sequences of the square beingplaced in a talon. 

There is no re-deal. 

This game may be also played as follows:

Deal out a square of twelve _single_ cards, then deal the rest of thepack as usual, the cards that are suitable being played on thefoundations or married (in descending line) to those on the square, ready to be transferred to the foundations, the rest placed in a talon, and vacancies filled in the usual manner. 

[Illustration: THE CONSTITUTION. ]

THE CONSTITUTION

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations are formed exclusively from the "Privy Council. " Allcards in the other divisions, pack, or talon must ascend through eachdivision till they reach the top before they can be played. 

 II. Cards in the three lower divisions may be placed in sequence oncards in the next division above them, and in this manner they may betransferred from one division to another till they reach the top. 

III. When cards are placed in sequence in the "Constitution, " the topcard only of each sequence is available until its removal releases theone beneath. 

 IV. All sequences must be of alternate colors and in descending line--_i. E. _, a red nine on a black ten, then a black eight, a red seven, and so on. Any number of cards may be so placed. 

 V. Each vacancy must be _at once_ filled by a card from the division immediately below it; and as this rule applies equally to all the rows, a vacancy will thus be caused in the lowest row or "People, " which must be filled from the talon, or, when there is no talon, from the pack. 

 VI. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Take from the pack the kings, queens, and aces--seven of the queens areto be thrown aside and the other cards placed as in tableau. 

The queen of diamonds represents THE SOVEREIGN; the black kings, theBishops; the red kings, the Judges. 

The eight aces form the foundation cards or "Government, " and ascend insequence to knaves. 

Deal out four horizontal rows (beginning with the lowest), eachcontaining eight cards. 

This forms the "Constitution. " Each row represents a separate division. 

The first (or lowest row) is the "People"; the second, the "House ofCommons"; the third, the "House of Lords"; the last the "PrivyCouncil. "

When the tableau is complete, if any suitable cards are to be found inthe "Privy Council" row, play them (Rule I), immediately refilling eachvacancy as it is made (Rule V). 

You must then examine the Constitution to see which cards may be mostadvantageously placed in sequence (Rules II and IV). 

_Note. _--The success of this game depends chiefly on the play. Infilling a vacancy choose the card (Rule V) which has the most chance ofreaching the top, or of being useful to cards in the row below it. Itis often better to defer making a vacancy till a card turns up indealing that is required. 

When you have played all available cards and placed in sequence allthat you wish, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards notrequired to fill vacancies in the "People" forming the talon. 

[Illustration: THE ZODIAC. ]

THE ZODIAC

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Marriages may be made in the Zodiac with cards from the Equator (but not _vice versâ_) and from the talon or pack, but cards in the Zodiac cannot marry each other, neither can those in the Equator do so. Marriages may be made in ascending and descending lines, and the same packet may contain both. 

II. The foundations must follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal eight cards in a horizontal row called the "Equator. " Then deal asurrounding circle of twenty-four cards called the "Zodiac. "

The foundations are not formed _till the end of the game_. They are toconsist of the four aces and four kings of different suits, the acesascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending in sequence toaces. 

Having placed the tableau, you proceed to marry (Rule I) and to refillthe spaces from the talon, or, where there is no talon, from the pack, but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunityoccurs. You continue to deal out the cards in the usual way, those notrequired for marrying or for refilling spaces forming the talon. Thisis to be re-dealt as often as required--that is, until all the cardsare placed either in the Zodiac or in the Equator. If this cannot bedone, the patience has already failed. If you succeed in placing allthe cards, you then begin to form the eight foundations from the Zodiacand Equator (Rule II). 

It is obvious that the greatest care is required in marrying the cards, or you will so block them as to be unable to form the foundations. 

[Illustration: THE KINGS. ]

THE KINGS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations do not follow suit, neither do the cards placed insequence on the columns. 

 II. Only the _outside cards of each group of columns_ are availableuntil, by their removal, the next ones are released, the principlebeing that no card is available _that has another outside it_. 

_Note. _--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of theright-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group. 

III. _During the deal_ no card is available for playing on thefoundations unless it is on the _same horizontal line as thefoundation_ (of either group) _for which it is suitable_. When theentire deal is complete, this restriction ceases. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the packs the eight aces, and place them in two columns, taking care that each suit is in juxtaposition as in tableau. 

The eight aces form the foundations, which ascend in sequence (Rule I)to kings. On either side of the foundations, deal out a column of fourcards, and if in dealing these a suitable card turns up, available fora foundation, _in accordance with Rule III_, play it at once; replacingit with the next card from the pack. You continue to deal out successivecolumns of four cards, alternately on the right and left of the firstones, until the pack is exhausted, thus forming two groups of columns, with the eight aces in the centre. To avoid confusion, it is best todeal the columns regularly, first on the left, and then on the right, side. 

In dealing, never omit to play suitable cards as they turn up, subjectto Rule III, for as each column is placed it blocks the preceding one(Rule II), and _during the deal_ you may not play cards from the innercolumns, even if released. 

When the pack is exhausted, you examine the tableau, and may now playany available cards (Rule II), the restriction as to their being on thesame horizontal line having ceased. Sequences (Rule I), both ascendingand descending, may now be formed with cards on the outside of bothgroups (Rule II), and these sequences may be reversed, as they arerequired to play on the foundations, by transferring them from onepacket to another. If an entire horizontal row of cards has beenremoved, you may place any available card at the inner end of the laneso formed, and sequences may be placed upon it, as on the others. 

There is no re-deal. 

_Note. _--It is not perfectly clear from the original whether therestriction mentioned in Rule III ceases when the deal is complete, but, the game being a very difficult one, it is advisable to interpretit in the affirmative. 

[Illustration: BABETTE. ]

BABETTE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Vacancies in the garden _are not to be refilled_. 

III. Each row of cards in the garden blocks the preceding one, but onthe removal of cards in the lower rows those above them are released. 

PLAY

Deal out eight cards in a horizontal line. This commences what iscalled the "garden. " When the first row is complete, take from it anyfoundations and place them in the allotted spaces above, and also othersuitable cards, but do not refill vacancies (Rule II). 

The foundations consist of four aces and four kings of different suits, ascending and descending in the usual sequences (Rule I). 

_Note. _--The tableau is so arranged that one of the king foundationshas already descended to queen, and one of the ace foundations hasascended to three. The vacant spaces in the garden show from whencecards have been removed, and not replaced; but there would probably bemany more rows in the garden than are shown on the tableau. 

You next proceed to deal out successive rows in the garden underneaththe first one till the pack is exhausted, strictly observing Rule II. 

If there is not room to place each row of the garden below the precedingone, it must be placed so as to half cover it, but in that case, especially if there are many vacancies, the rows of cards are apt toget mixed, so it is best to count from the top, to make sure that youare placing the row you are working on in its proper detached line, andare not partly refilling other rows. _You must finish each row beforeplaying from it. _

When the garden is laid out, and all available cards have been played(Rule III), take up by itself each perpendicular column, beginning onthe left, placing the next column underneath the first, and so on witheach column in succession, so that, in turning the pack to re-deal, thelast column on the right may be uppermost, thus reversing the order ofeach row of cards in the next deal. 

The garden may be taken up twice and re-dealt exactly in the samemanner and observing the same rules. 

[Illustration: NESTOR. ]

NESTOR

One Entire Pack of Cards

PLAY

Deal out in horizontal lines six rows each containing eight cards. Indealing these, you must be careful that there should never be two cardsof equal value in the same _perpendicular_ line. If, for example, twokings or two fives (the same, of course, applies to all the cards) wereto be underneath each other, even though several other cards intervenedbetween them, it would be useless to proceed. You must, therefore, consider the duplicate card as unavailable for the moment and place itat the bottom of the pack in hand, and proceed to deal the next card. 

When the tableau is complete, four cards will remain, which are to beplaced aside, as a reserve. You then examine the tableau and endeavorto pair the cards, taking only those of the lowest row, until theirremoval releases those above. When no more can be paired, you haverecourse to those of the reserve, taking them up one by one. If thefirst cannot be paired, put it aside, taking the next, but the card orcards so put aside can be paired afterwards if the opportunity of doingso arises. If all the cards cannot be paired, the game has failed. 

[Illustration: LIGHT AND SHADE. ]

LIGHT AND SHADE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations ascend in sequence, but are formed in alternatecolors: red ace, black deuce, red three, and so on. 

 II. Cards placed on the Auxiliaries descend in sequence, but must alsoalternate in color. 

III. Vacancies in the Auxiliaries are filled by cards from the Rivals;vacancies in the Rivals, by cards from the pack or talon. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, and place them in a horizontalline (the suits as in tableau). These are the foundation cards, whichascend in sequence to kings (Rule I). 

Next deal out eight cards and place them above the foundations in tworows, four cards in each (see tableau). The upper row is called theAuxiliaries; the lower one, the Rivals. If any suitable cards are foundin the Auxiliaries, play them, filling the spaces so made from theRivals (Rule III). Cards from the Rivals may be placed in descendingsequence on those of the Auxiliaries (Rule II), and the sequences soformed will be played as opportunity arises on to the foundations. Continue to deal out the pack, playing, placing on the Auxiliaries, andrefilling spaces according to rules--the non-suitable cards forming atalon. 

It must be remembered that cards can only be played on the foundations_from the Auxiliaries_, and not straight from the Rivals or from thetalon; cards from these must first pass into the Auxiliaries. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE LABYRINTH. ]

THE LABYRINTH

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Only cards in the highest or lowest rows are available, until acard from any other row is released, by the removal of cards eitherabove or below it, the principle being that no card can be used that isnot free _either_ from the top or the bottom. Small crosses are placedon the tableau to mark the cards that are available. 

III. You can only refill vacancies in the lowest row as the deal goeson (_i. E. _, in the row which you are actually dealing). 

 IV. Each row must be completed before you can play from it. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack and place in horizontal line above, four kingsand four aces of different suits. These are the foundations, the acesascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to aces (Rule I). 

You next deal out ten cards in a horizontal row, and when the row iscomplete, play any suitable cards on the foundations, refilling thevacancies from the pack or talon. 

Proceed to deal out a second row of ten cards underneath the first, playing suitable ones as before, playing _also from the upper row_, andrefilling spaces subject to Rule III. As you may only refill vacancieson the last row which is being dealt, there will be many gaps in thetableau as you proceed. 

You continue thus to deal out the entire pack in successive rows, eachrow completely blocking the preceding one unless the removal of a cardreleases the one above it, or _unless the removal of cards in the upperrows_ (Rule II) releases that card from above. 

When the pack is exhausted and you have played all available cards, ifthe game has not succeeded, you have one more chance, _i. E. _, theprivilege of removing any one card from the tableau, taking care, ofcourse, to remove the card which blocks those most needed. The choiceof this "grace" is the only point left to the skill of the player. 

There is no re-deal. 

_Note 1. _--Some players instead of taking the foundations from thepack, wait till they appear in the deal. 

_Note 2. _--The dimensions of the tableau preclude the insertion of thespaces for the foundation cards. 

[Illustration: SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN. ]

SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. If during the deal two or more kings turn up in succession, cardscan only be placed on the last one. 

III. Available cards may be transferred from one column to another indescending sequence and need not follow suit. 

 IV. Only the lowest card of each column is available, until its removalreleases the one above it. 

 V. Any available card may be transferred to a single king, andsequences may be placed upon that card as upon those of the othercolumns. 

PLAY

Take one king from the pack, and place it at the left-hand uppercorner. Upon this king you place the cards as they are dealt, inperpendicular column, each card half covering the preceding one, untila second king appears, which must be placed next to the first one, andbecomes in its turn the head of a second column (Rule II). When a thirdking appears, it is placed next to the second one, and is treated inlike manner, and so on until the pack is exhausted, cards being alwaysplaced on the last king turned up. Thus some kings will head lines ofdifferent lengths (see Note 3, on next page), and some will probablyremain alone, and this, as will be seen, is very advantageous. 

During the deal, aces as they turn up are placed in the spacesreserved. 

The eight aces form the foundation cards and ascend in sequence toqueens (Rule I). (See Note 2. )

Suitable cards may be played as they turn up in the deal, and afterplaying each, the columns should be examined, as the playing of a cardmay bring other available ones (Rule IV) into use. 

When the deal is complete, the tableau must be carefully examined. 

Available cards may now be transferred from one column to another (RuleIII) or placed on the single kings (Rule V) or played on thefoundations. And it is sometimes better not to play cards, but to leavethem to receive sequences. 

It is not advisable to transfer queens, as they cannot be moved againuntil required to complete the foundations, but it is often necessaryto do so, when their removal would release cards urgently needed. Thesuccess of the game greatly depends on the skill of the player intransferring the sequences backward and forward so as to release asmany cards as possible. There is no re-deal. (See Note 1. )

_Note 1. _--Supposing that you have two single kings and wish to releasea knave of hearts which is blocked with a descending sequence, the lastcard of that sequence being a four, place the four and then the five onthe two spare kings. The six is thus released, and if a seven should beat the bottom of any other column, you transfer the six on to it, andalso the five and the four, thus again freeing the two kings. Now putup the seven and the eight (of the column you are trying to work off)on to those kings. Then transfer the seven to the eight, and place thenine on the remaining king. You have now only the ten left to blockyour knave of hearts; you will probably find, or be able to release, some other available knave, on which you will place the ten. In thissomewhat complicated manner you arrive at the desired knave of hearts. The combinations are endless. 

_Note 2. _--The spaces for the foundations are not marked for want ofroom. 

_Note 3. _--It often happens that so many cards have to be dealt on toone king before the next one appears that the column can no longer becontinued in a straight line. The player must, therefore, twist thecards to gain room (see tableau), the small crosses show the availablecards. 

[Illustration: THE TERRACE. ]

THE TERRACE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Only the last card (_i. E. _, the right-hand one) of the Terrace is available till its removal releases the card next to it. 

 II. The foundations ascend in sequence and must be formed withalternate red and black cards. 

III. Cards in the valley may be transferred in alternate _descending_sequence from one packet to another, and the uppermost card of thetalon may also be placed in sequence on the valley, but, like those ofthe foundations, the sequences in the valley must be formed ofalternate colors. 

 IV. Only the uppermost cards of the valley packets are available untiltheir removal releases those beneath. 

PLAY

Deal out from left to right a row of thirteen cards. This is called theTerrace. You next turn up from the pack in hand three cards, and chooseone of the three as a foundation. Place the foundation card underneaththe Terrace on the left side, and the seven other cards of similarvalue will take their places, as they turn up in the deal, in a linewith the first foundation (see tableau). 

You next place your two rejected cards underneath the foundation, anddeal out seven other cards alongside, forming a third horizontal row ofnine cards. This is called the valley. From the valley you take anyfoundations, and having placed them, you play also any other suitablecards (Rule II); but you must first examine the Terrace, as cards mustalways in preference be played from the Terrace (Rule I). Having playedall suitable cards, and refilled the vacancies in the valley from thepack in hand, proceed to place cards in sequence in the valley (RulesIII and IV), of course playing them in preference on the foundationswhen possible, but remember always to examine the Terrace, as thesuccess of the game depends entirely on detaching cards from theTerrace. If even a suitable card could be played from the valley, andnone were at the moment available on the Terrace, it would still bebetter to refrain from playing it, if an equally suitable card from theTerrace were likely shortly to be released. In reference to your choiceof the foundation cards, you should always examine the available cardof the Terrace and choose, if possible, one below it in value. 

You next proceed to deal out the entire pack, playing on foundations(Rule II), placing and transferring cards in the valley (Rules III andIV), and refilling vacancies. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: GENERAL SEDGEWICK. ]

GENERAL SEDGEWICK

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

 I. The original five cards forming the cross are available, but whenthey are covered by the addition of others, only the uppermost card ofeach packet is available until its removal releases the card beneath. 

 II. The foundations follow suit. 

III. Cards on the cross may be transferred in descending sequence fromone packet to another, and cards from the pack or talon may also beplaced in descending sequence on those of the cross. 

 IV. Cards on the cross need not follow suit. 

PLAY

Deal five cards and place them in the form of a cross. 

The next card turned is to be placed in the left-hand upper corner, andthis constitutes the foundation card, the three others of similarvalue, as they appear, being placed in the three other corners (seetableau). 

The foundation cards ascend in sequence (Rule II). 

Having placed the cross and the first foundation, play any foundationor other suitable cards from the cross, filling the vacancies from packor talon. You then proceed to transfer cards on the cross (Rules I, III, and IV); and although not necessary, it is very advantageous thatthese packets should be of the same suit, as they are then ready to beplayed on to the foundations, and to effect this by transferring thecards backward and forward as much as possible should be the greatobject of the player. 

Continue to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted--playing, transferring, and refilling vacancies. The non-suitable cards form thetalon. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE QUEENS. ]

THE QUEENS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. The uppermost card of the key is alone available until its removalreleases the card beneath; each card that is played releasing the onethat it covered. 

III. Cards from the key can only be played on the foundations and maynot be placed on the shutter. 

 IV. The cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _top_ of thekey (fourteen for each queen _including_ herself). 

 V. Cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _bottom_ of thetalon (three for each queen _exclusive_ of herself). 

PLAY

Take from the pack thirty-two cards; place them in a packet on the leftside, face upward. This packet is called the key. If the uppermost cardshould be a queen, take fourteen cards from the top of the key(including the queen) and place them at the bottom of the pack (RuleIV). After removing the fourteen cards, should the next card on the keychance also to be a queen, you repeat the process, thus addingtwenty-eight cards to the pack, and diminishing those on the key. Evenif the next card in like manner chanced to be a queen, you would takeall the remaining cards of the key (which could, however, only be four)and add them to the pack, --thus getting rid of the key, which wouldgreatly facilitate the success of the game. 

After dealing out the key (and if you have good luck, diminishing it)you next proceed to deal seven cards, placing them in two rows of fourand three cards respectively. (See tableau. ) These are called theshutter. If during the dealing of these any kings appear, place them ina row above. The eight kings are the foundations, which ascend throughaces to queens (Rule I). 

When the shutter is dealt, play from it any suitable cards, refillingthe spaces at once, but always first look to see if a card from the keyis available (Rules II and III), and play that in preference, as it isall important to get rid of the key. Cards on the shutter can marry indescending line with each other, or with cards from the pack or talon. When you have married or played all available cards, deal out theremainder of the pack, playing, marrying, and refilling spaces; theunsuitable cards forming a talon. 

You must carefully count the number of queens that you place in thetalon (it is best to have some counters at hand for this purpose), aswhen the pack is exhausted each of these queens counts for threecards--_i. E. _, for each queen you take from the bottom of the talonthree cards besides herself (Rule V)--and these cards constitute afresh pack to deal from. 

Thus, if the talon contains six queens, you take from it eighteen cardsexclusive of the six queens (Rule V) and deal them out again, and againcount the queens to repay yourself as before. This is done to give afresh chance of winning the game, as the talon is not re-dealt in itsentirety. If the talon has not sufficient cards left to pay three foreach queen, you simply take all that remain, and then there is goodhope of success, if the key has also been played out. 

[Illustration: THE HERRING-BONE. ]

THE HERRING-BONE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. The lowest (or twenty-eighth) card of the herring-bone is aloneavailable until its removal releases the next one (_i. E. _, the uppermostcard of the fan above it), then the second card of the fan becomes theavailable one, then the third, then the single card above the fan justplayed, and so on, the removal of each card rendering the next oneavailable. 

III. All the cards in the side scenes and the four bars are available. 

 IV. Vacancies on the bars are refilled from cards of the herring-bone(Rule II), but vacancies on the side scenes may only be refilled fromthe pack or talon. 

PLAY

Deal out twenty-eight cards, beginning from the top (see tableau), thus: Three at the top, placed fan shape, then a single card halfcovering the fan, then another fan half covering the single card, thenanother single card, and so on till you have seven fans and sevensingle cards: this is called the herring-bone, the last card being asingle one and available. (Rule II. )

You next deal out eight cards, four on each side the herring-bone:these are called side scenes. Then place one card horizontally aboveand below each side scene: these are called bars. When these fortycards are placed, the next card dealt becomes the foundation, and isplaced in one of the allotted spaces, the other seven cards of similarvalue being placed as they appear on the tableau, or during the deal. 

Four of the foundations ascend in sequence and four descend (Rule I), and it is best to place the ascending on the right side, the descendingon the left. 

When the tableau is complete, and the first foundation has been played, examine the whole and play from the herring-bone, bars, or side scenesany foundations or other suitable cards. Always choose, in preference, cards from the herring-bone or bars, as on the removal of theherring-bone the success of the game mainly depends, and if a bar isremoved, the available card on the herring-bone replaces it, thusreleasing the next. (Rules II and III. )

Having played and refilled all spaces, proceed to deal out the entirepack, playing all suitable cards, and refilling spaces; the unsuitablecards forming the talon. In forming the foundations, one card at a timemay be exchanged from the ascending to the descending sequence, and_vice versâ_. 

The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt twice. 

_Note. _--It is so exceedingly disadvantageous that there should beduplicate cards in the herring-bone, that in the German variety of thisgame the herring-bone is set out from a single pack before the twopacks are shuffled. 

[Illustration: THE OLGA. ]

THE OLGA

Four Piquet Packs

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Each card in the flower-bed must be turned face upward as soon asthe card immediately below it is removed. The card so turned is thenavailable. 

III. Cards on the flower-bed may be placed in descending sequence uponeach other (and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed insequence on the flower-bed), but must be so placed in alternate colors, _i. E. _, a black eight upon a red nine, and so on. 

PLAY

Deal out forty-nine cards in seven horizontal rows, each containingseven cards. This is called the flower-bed. In the first row the cardsare placed face upward, in the second row face downward, and so onalternately, the seventh or last row being face upward. Should therenot be space, each row may half cover the preceding one. Thefoundations consist of sixteen aces, ascending in sequence throughsevens to kings (Rule I). When the flower-bed has been dealt, if anyaces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allotted spaces, asalso any deuces or other suitable cards, always turning the card abovethe one played, face upward. Available cards on the flower-bed (RuleII) may be placed in descending sequence on each other, but inalternate colors (Rule III). They may be transferred from one packet toanother, and on doing this judiciously the success of the game depends. Cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence (Rule III)on those of the flower-bed. [You are not obliged to play cards on thefoundations, if to place them on the flower-bed seems moreadvantageous. ] Continue to deal out the entire pack, playing onfoundations, placing and transferring on the flower-bed, the unsuitablecards forming the talon. If you succeed in removing an entireperpendicular row of cards, the space at the top may be filled by anyavailable card of the flower-bed (Rule II), and upon that card may beplaced sequences (Rule III) as on the other rows. 

[Illustration: CÆSAR. ]

CÆSAR

Nine Cards from One Entire Pack

PLAY

Withdraw from one entire pack nine cards, composed of any suits, fromace to nine inclusive. Place these nine cards in three rows, eachcontaining three cards. Endeavor, by changing their position, so todispose them, that the number of pips in each row, counting the cardshorizontally, perpendicularly, and diagonally, may make the sum offifteen. The tableau shows only three fifteens, but if the cards areproperly placed eight fifteens can be made. 

[Illustration: RED AND BLACK. ]

RED AND BLACK

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

II. Cards may be placed on the Volunteers in descending sequence, butthey must be of alternate colors. On the black four (see tableau) wouldbe placed a red three, then a black deuce, and so on. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, placing them in pairs ofalternate colors in a horizontal line (see tableau). These are thefoundations and ascend in sequence to kings (Rule I). Next deal outeight cards, placing them underneath the foundations. This row of cardsis called the Volunteers. Examine the Volunteers and play any suitablecards on to the foundations, immediately filling each vacancy from thecards in hand. When no more can be played, proceed to form sequences indescending line with cards of the Volunteers, subject strictly to RuleII; then again play all that are suitable and proceed to deal out thecards till the pack is exhausted, playing cards on the foundations orplacing them in sequence on the Volunteers, and always refillingvacancies. The unsuitable cards form the talon. 

When the pack is exhausted, the talon may be taken up, shuffled, andre-dealt once. 

[Illustration: THE SQUARE. ]

THE SQUARE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

II. The four aces (foundation cards) ascend in sequence to kings. Wheneach packet has ascended to king, a second king (same suit) is placedon the top, and another sequence on the same packet descends to ace, with which the four foundations terminate. 

PLAY

Deal out sixteen cards, as in tableau. This is the "Square" (Quadrat). 

During the deal, the four aces of different suits must be placed intheir allotted spaces as they appear. These are the foundations, whichascend in sequence to kings and descend again to aces (Rule II). 

When the Square is complete, play from it any suitable cards, and marryboth in ascending and descending line with cards on the Square, immediately refilling spaces from the pack or talon. Continue to dealout the whole pack, playing first in ascending, then in descendingsequence (Rule II), marrying, and refilling spaces; the unsuitablecards forming the talon. The sequences on the Square can be reversedfrom one packet to another, thus if on one packet there were a sequenceof which the top card was a nine, and on another a sequence of whichthe top card was either an eight or a ten (of course of the same suit), either of these could be placed on the nine and the whole sequencereversed, but great care must be taken in reversing sequences, lestcards should hopelessly block each other. Much practice is required inorder to avoid this danger. 

If the game succeeds, the double series of sequences which began withfour aces, will likewise finish with four aces. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: MARGARETHE. ]

MARGARETHE

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

II. The king foundations descend from ten to eight; the knaves, fromseven to five; the queens, from four to two. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack all the court cards and place them in the formof an M, as in tableau. These twelve cards are the foundations. All theaces as they appear are to be placed in one packet in the M underneaththe knaves. You next deal nine cards and place them in the form of an A(see tableau). 

These are the help cards, and from them you play any that are suitableon to the foundations, the first played on a king being a ten, on aknave a seven, and on a queen a four (Rules I and II), filling thespaces from the pack in hand. You next proceed to deal out the wholepack, playing on the foundations, placing aces in the reserved space inthe M, refilling vacancies in the A, and placing unsuitable cards inthe talon. 

If the game succeeds, the final tableau will form an M composed of theeights, the fives and the twos, the four aces being placed crossways inthe centre. 

The talon may be re-dealt once. 

[Illustration: MOUNT OLYMPUS. ]

MOUNT OLYMPUS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations and the battery follow suit. 

 II. The foundations ascend in alternate sequences; the aces, in oddnumbers, 3, 5, 7, etc. , till they finish with kings; the twos, in evennumbers, 4, 6, 8, etc. , till they finish with queens. (Knaves counteleven; queens, twelve. )

III. Cards may be placed on the battery in alternate descendingsequence; thus, on a nine place a seven, on the seven, a five, on aqueen place a ten, then an eight, and so on. 

 IV. The uppermost cards of the battery are alone available, until theirremoval releases those beneath. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces and the eight twos, and placethem in the form of a pyramid, as in tableau; these are the foundationswhich ascend in alternate sequence, till they end respectively withkings and queens. (Rules I and II. )

Next deal out nine cards as in tableau, this is called the battery. Suitable cards of the battery may be played on the foundations, and mayalso be placed on each other in alternate descending sequence. (RulesI, III, and IV. ) The unsuitable cards form the talon. Continue to dealout the entire pack, playing on the pyramid, placing cards on thebattery, and refilling spaces from pack or talon. 

If the game succeeds, the pyramid will be formed of alternate kings andqueens. 

The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once. 

[Illustration: THE WHEEL. ]

THE WHEEL

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. Vacancies in the cushion are only refilled after the first deal, butnot after any subsequent deal. 

 II. _No two cards of the same value_ may be used in making eachcombination of eighteen. 

III. Even when there are three cards on the cushion which make therequired sum, these cards cannot be removed unless the cushion containsa court card to crown them. They must in that case remain in theirplaces until a court card appears on the cushion. 

 IV. Court cards are excluded from the combinations, which must be madewith the pips of minor cards, the court cards crowning each packet. 

 V. Only the uppermost cards of the cushion are available, but theirremoval releases those underneath. 

PLAY

Withdraw the eight aces and place them in the form of a cross (seetableau). Next, deal out twelve cards in two horizontal rows beneath, but leaving room for the circle to be placed as in tableau. Thesetwelve cards are called the cushion. The object is to make as manycombinations of the sum of eighteen as possible with cards in thecushion. Each combination must be composed of three cards (Rule IV) andno two cards must be of similar value (Rule II). Some of thecombinations, for example, might be 2, 7, 9, or 3, 5, 10, or 2, 6, 10, and so on. 

When any three cards make the required sum, take them up together, andput any court card that may be in the cushion at the top, and place thepacket thus crowned, face upward, on one of the spaces reserved in thecircle. Should there be no court card, the combination cannot be made(Rule III). As you withdraw cards to place on the circle, refill thespaces from the pack in hand. 

When no more combinations can be made, you proceed to deal out twelvemore cards, covering those already forming the cushion, and to makefresh combinations with all available cards (Rule V); but whenvacancies are now made they cannot be refilled. (Rule I. ) Cards, therefore, in this and the subsequent deals may have to be dealt on toempty spaces from which other cards have been withdrawn. 

You continue to deal out fresh rows following the same rules, and mustnever make combinations until each deal is complete. 

If the game succeeds, the final tableau will show the cross of aces inthe centre, surrounded by a circle of twenty-four court cards. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: TWO RINGS. ]

TWO RINGS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULE

The foundations follow suit. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack all the sevens and all the sixes, and arrangethem as in tableau. These are the foundations. The sevens ascend tokings, the sixes descend to aces (Rule). 

You next deal out eight cards in a horizontal line. This is called thebracelet. Take from the bracelet all suitable cards and play them onthe foundations, refilling vacancies in the bracelet, and placingunsuitable cards on the talon. 

If the game succeeds, the "Zwei Ringe" (two rings) will be formedrespectively of kings and aces. 

The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once. 

[Illustration: THE NATION. ]

THE NATION

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. In dealing the cards of each column and counting them from one toeight, a card played on the foundation does not have its _number_repeated, the next card dealt counting as the _following_ number. 

III. Only the lowest card of each column is available until its removalreleases the one above it; no card being available that has anotherbelow it. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits, placing them above in two horizontal lines. These are the foundations, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to aces(Rule I). Underneath the foundations deal out eight cards in a_perpendicular_ line, beginning on the left-hand side; and on theright of this column deal eleven other columns, each consisting ofeight cards. 

This would result in twelve columns of equal number of cards, as seenin tableau, _but for the following conditions_: In dealing the firsteight cards, count them as you deal, from one to eight, and when anycard is suitable for a foundation, or to continue a foundation, playit, counting the next card as the _following number_. For example, ifthe card counted as No. 4 were suitable, you play it and count the nextcard No. 5; and if No. 7 were likewise suitable, you would play it andcount the next (and last) card as No. 8, although, in fact, the columnwould only contain six cards (Rule II). But although suitable cards arethus played _as they turn up in the deal_, a card once placed in acolumn cannot be removed. You should observe the same method in dealingout all the twelve columns. When the tableau is complete, the lowercard of each column is available (Rule III), and may be played ifsuitable; and marriages also may be made, both in ascending anddescending sequences, with available cards from each column. 

When an entire column has been removed, the vacant space may be filledby any one available card (Rule III), and cards can be placed insequence upon it, as on those of the other columns. 

When all available cards have been played or married, the tableau is tobe taken up, beginning with the left-hand column, the cards of eachcolumn being carefully kept in their proper order, the second columnbeing placed underneath the first, the third underneath the second, andso on. Thus, when the pack is turned to re-deal, the last column willbe the uppermost, and will be the first of the new columns. 

The tableau may be taken up and re-dealt twice. 

[Illustration: THE CARPET. ]

THE CARPET

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Cards on the carpet (_teppich_) are only available when _one ofthe narrow ends is free_ (_i. E. _, the top or bottom of the card). Nocard is available when _both_ the narrow ends are blocked by othercards. On the tableau crosses are placed to show the available cardsafter the carpet has been dealt. 

III. When a card from the carpet is played, it does not free the nextone, because its removal cannot free either of the narrow ends of thatcard, yet it helps the game indirectly, and the inner cards become bydegrees available. 

 IV. When the talon is formed, any available cards from the carpet canbe placed in ascending or descending sequences upon the uppermost cardof the talon, following suit. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits. These are the foundations, and ascend and descend in the usualsequences. 

Next deal out sixty-four cards exactly in the order and pattern ofthose in the tableau. This is called the carpet (_teppich_). Play fromthe carpet all available cards (Rules I and II), and then deal out theremainder, playing suitable ones or placing the unsuitable cards as atalon. When the talon is formed, examine the carpet before you placeeach card of the talon, as you have the privilege of placing cards fromthe carpet on to the talon (Rules II and IV), and it is always advisableto do this when possible, for although at the moment the cards removedmay not release others, it assists the development of the game bydiminishing the number of cards in the carpet. In dealing the cards, suitable ones need not be played on a foundation, if by placing them onthe talon a greater number can be freed from the carpet. The success ofthe game mainly depends on detaching cards from the carpet. Great caremust be taken to carry out strictly Rule II. 

No card can possibly be used, either to play on a foundation or to beplaced in sequence on the talon, unless one of the narrow ends is free;but as other cards are removed, those even in the centre becomeavailable by a clear lane having been opened out, either horizontal orperpendicular, leading up to one of the narrow ends of each card. 

The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt twice, but great caremust be taken in the third deal as to the placing of sequences. If onefoundation of any suit is finished, sequences from the carpet shouldnot be formed on the talon except in _descending_ sequence; but, ofcourse, if, in dealing the talon, cards should get placed in the wrong(_ascending_) sequence, there is no remedy, but in that case the gamecould not succeed. 

There are two re-deals. 

[Illustration: THE FISH-BONE. ]

THE FISH-BONE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

II. Kings and queens cannot find their places on the tableau until theknaves to which they belong have been placed (_i. E. _, each foundationknave should have a king and queen of the same suit on either side, seetableau). If, therefore, a king or queen should turn up in the deal, itmust be consigned to the talon, unless one of the knaves of the samesuit is already placed to receive it. 

PLAY

Deal out six cards on the left-hand side (see tableau). These arecalled the gridiron. Cards in the gridiron may marry in ascendingsequence, but _only with cards from the pack or talon_, and not witheach other. The foundation cards are the eight knaves, which descend insequence to aces (Rule I), and are to be played as they appear in thedeal, in a perpendicular line (see tableau). You next examine thegridiron, and if a knave is there, play it, as also any other suitablecards to continue the foundations, and as kings and queens appear, place them, in accordance with Rule II. You continue to deal out theentire pack, playing on the foundations, and marrying in ascendingsequence on the gridiron, from which you play all suitable cards, refilling vacancies from the pack or talon. Never omit to place thekings and queens when it can be done (Rule II). The unsuitable cardsform the talon. 

If the game succeeds, the final tableau will show a line of aces, eachhaving a king and a queen of the same suit on either side. 

The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once, observing the same rules. 

[Illustration: THE CONGRESS. ]

THE CONGRESS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Cards from the rivers may marry in descending line with cards onthe helps, but not _vice versâ_. 

III. Cards on the help packets may marry in descending line with cardsof each other's packets, and also with cards _from_ the rivers. 

 IV. The uppermost cards of the help packets are alone available untiltheir removal releases those beneath. 

 V. Each row of cards on the rivers blocks the preceding one, but on theremoval of any card the one immediately above it is released, andbecomes available. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, and place them in two columns onthe right: these are the foundations, which ascend in sequence to kings(Rule I). Next deal four cards, and place them in a horizontal linebelow, leaving plenty of room for the tableau above: these are calledthe help cards. Next place at the upper end of the table a horizontalrow of eight cards: this commences what is called the "rivers, " andfrom the rivers you play any suitable cards on the foundations, ormarry in descending line with the help cards (Rule II), immediatelyrefilling the vacancies thus caused from the pack. From the helps younow play on to the foundations, and form marriages in accordance withRule III. When all possible cards have been played, proceed to deal outsuccessive rows of eight cards on the rivers, each row partly coveringthe preceding one, and temporarily blocking it (Rule V). In dealing, you may not play a card from any row until that row is complete. Afterdealing each row, pause and examine the tableau, playing and marryingall suitable cards, and refilling vacancies, both in the rivers andhelps, with cards from the pack. In filling up vacancies in the rivers, those in the uppermost rows must first be refilled. 

After the entire pack is exhausted, the skill of the player will berequired. The four packets of help cards may now be increased to eight. To effect this, any four available cards may be selected from therivers to begin the new packets, which have all the privileges of theoriginal ones, and should be placed in the same line. The player mayuse his own discretion concerning them. He is not obliged to place thefour new helps at once, but only as they are required, and it is bestto keep one or two of the spaces free, so as to receive any card fromthe rivers which, in the progress of the game, is found to block a cardmuch needed. If any of the packets of help cards are played off, thevacancy may be filled by another card from the rivers, but the packetsmust never exceed the number of eight. 

There is no re-deal. 

_Note. _--In the tableau only three rows of the rivers are shown. 

[Illustration: THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE. ]

THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit, as do also cards of the alphabet. 

II. During the deal each circle of the alphabet absolutely blocks thepreceding one, but, when the entire deal is complete, the removal ofcards from the alphabet releases those on the circles beneath, whichnow become available. 

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits, andplace them as in tableau. The aces ascend in sequence to kings, thekings descend to aces (Rule I). You next deal twelve cards, forming asquare outside the foundations, each card bearing a letter: this squareis called the alphabet. Begin the deal at letter _a_, and finish it atletter _m_, and during the deal play any suitable cards as they turnup. You must now examine the alphabet, and play from it any suitablecards, but observe that as each circle of the alphabet is dealt itblocks the previous one, and cards in the lower circles cannot be used, even if released, until the entire pack has been dealt (Rule II). 

You next proceed to deal out a second circle of twelve cards, on thetop of the first one, beginning as before with _a_ and finishing with_m_; and you continue to deal out successive circles until the pack isexhausted, observing the same rules with regard to each circle. 

When the entire pack has been dealt out, and all available cards havebeen played (Rule II), you are allowed to form marriages, both inascending and descending line, with the available cards of thealphabet. When no more cards can be played, or married, take up thealphabet in succession, beginning with the letter _g_, and ending with_f_. In this manner the order of the packets is reversed. 

Then, without shuffling, deal out all the cards as before, beginning at_a_, and finishing at _m_, observing the same rules as in the firstdeal. If during this second deal a card turns up suitable alike for anascending or descending foundation, you can place it on either, and youmay change it from one to the other. If you prefer it, you may even laythe card aside for the moment, playing it on whichever foundationappears the most suitable as the game progresses. 

There may be three re-deals. 

[Illustration: SLY. ]

SLY

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. Cards dealt on to the promenade need not follow suit, and are notnecessarily placed in sequence. 

III. Only the uppermost card of each packet of the promenade isavailable until its removal releases the card beneath. 

 IV. Cards may be played as they turn up in the deal, but a card onceplaced on the promenade cannot be played until each deal of twentycards is complete. 

PLAY

Deal out two horizontal rows, each consisting of ten cards (or you may, if you prefer it, place four rows of five cards): this is called thepromenade. 

The foundations will consist of four aces and four kings of differentsuits, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending toaces (Rule I). During the deal, if any foundations appear, place themat once in their allotted spaces, and also play any other suitablecards as they turn up, refilling vacancies from the pack. When thefirst deal of twenty cards is complete, examine the promenade and playfrom it all suitable cards. 

When no more can be played, deal out a second row of twenty cards, always, however, playing suitable ones as they turn up in the deal. This second row of twenty cards must be placed on the top of (_i. E. _, covering) the first row, but in any manner and on any cards of thepromenade you please. You have the option of heaping several cards onto one packet, or of merely placing a second row on the top of thefirst; but you must carefully count the cards as you place them, aseach deal of twenty cards must be complete before any can beplayed--(the cards that have been played _during the deal_ do not countamong the twenty). Continue to deal out in like manner successiverounds of twenty cards, observing the same rules, until the pack isexhausted. Between each deal examine the promenade, and play from itall available cards (Rule III), refilling vacancies from the pack. 

The success of the game entirely depends on the skill of the player inarranging cards on the promenade. It is advantageous to place cards insequence, and of the same suit, on the packets of the promenade(although it is not required, see Rule II), as they are then ready tobe played on the foundations; but the greatest care is required toavoid placing _two_ ascending or _two_ descending sequences of the samesuit on any packet, as one of the two would necessarily be useless, cards not being transferable from one packet to another. 

There is no re-deal. 

[Illustration: THE GREAT THIRTEEN. ]

THE GREAT THIRTEEN

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The uppermost card of each of the ground packets is alone availableuntil its removal releases the card beneath. 

 II. If in the development of the game a card is released in the groundpackets which is equally suitable for filling a vacancy in the numerals(caused by the ground packets having failed to produce the desiredsum), or for the process of addition, the preference must be given tofilling the vacancy. 

III. In dealing the ground packets in the first instance it is advisableto count them in order from one to eight, in order to verify theirexact position; for in re-dealing the ground packets at the end of thegame they must be counted from one to eight, and the cards must bedealt on to them in order, whether there are cards in each space orwhether there is a vacancy, through the packet having been played off. The packet of cards or the vacancy are to be treated in like manner. 

PLAY

This is a very difficult game and requires much attention. Among otherpeculiarities it has no foundation cards. 

Deal out eight packets in a horizontal line, each containing thirteencards dealt together: these are called ground packets. Deal them fromleft to right (Rule III). If in this first deal any kings appear on thesurface, slip them underneath the packets to which each belongs; butthis may only be done in the first deal. When the eight ground packetshave been dealt, take the uppermost card of each, and place these eightcards in a line above: this line is called the balcony. Between thebalcony and the ground packets be careful to leave space for the lineof numerals (see tableau). You now count the value of each card in thebalcony, and double it, the knave counting eleven, the queen twelve, and the king thirteen, with which card, if the game succeeds, each ofthe numeral packets will terminate. If any card on the ground packets(Rule I) corresponds to the _doubled value_ of any card on the balcony, you place that (ground-packet) card immediately below the balcony card, thus beginning the packets called numerals. 

_Example_ (see tableau). --On the blank cards, the numeral 6 is placedunder a three, the 4 under a two; but if in doubling, the value of anybalcony card exceeds thirteen, the excess over thirteen constitutes thevalue of the card to be placed underneath. 

_Example. _--An ace (numerals) is placed under a seven, the double ofseven being fourteen, _which is one in excess of thirteen_. A knave(_Bube_) is placed under a queen; the double of twelve beingtwenty-four, _which is eleven in excess of thirteen_. A three under aneight; the double of eight being sixteen, _which is three in excess ofthirteen_. 

If the ground packets fail to produce suitable cards for numeralsaccording to the calculations just named, vacant spaces must ofnecessity remain in the line of numerals, which will be filled as thegame develops (Rule II). 

When all suitable cards have been transferred from the ground packetsto the numerals, the next process is that of _addition_. The value ofeach card on the numeral line must be _added_ to that of the card onthe balcony immediately above it, and you must again transfer from theground packets to the numeral line any cards whose value correspondswith the addition thus made, it being understood that any card takenfrom the ground packet must always be placed on the numeral which isexactly underneath the balcony card to whose value it is added. 

Thus, in continuing the game by _addition_, on the numeral ace would beplaced an eight, on the _Bube_ (knave) would be placed a ten; becausein the former case one and seven make eight, in the latter, eleven(knave) and twelve (queen) make twenty-three, _which is ten in excessof thirteen_. 

If in this stage of the game cards are released in the ground packetssuitable either for filling vacancies or for continuing the packets ofaddition in the numeral line, the refilling of the vacancies must bethe first object (Rule II). When two or more cards of the groundpackets are equally suitable, select which you please (Rule I), and youmay examine the underneath cards to assist you in your choice. 

When further progress is impossible, the third and last process is asfollows: Take up the first of the ground packets counting from the left(Rule III). If No. 1 has been played off, you take No. 2, and so on. Turn the packet face downward, and deal the cards on to the otherground packets face upward, beginning with the packet next on yourright (if you are dealing No. 1, begin to deal on No. 2), and in doingthis follow _very accurately_ the method prescribed by Rule III. Afteryou have dealt as far as No. 8, begin again at No. 1, and continuedealing (Rule III) till the packet you hold is exhausted. You then takeup the next packet, and deal it out in the same manner, beginning onyour right (if you are dealing No. 3, deal the first card on No. 4), and continue to deal out each packet till all are exhausted, _pausingbetween each deal to examine the packets and to make furthercombinations, and placing on the numerals any suitable cards that mayhave been produced by the fresh deal_, but the re-deal of each groundpacket must be complete before placing cards on the numerals. 

If after re-dealing all the ground packets, the packets of numerals donot all end with kings (thirteen), the game has failed. 

[Illustration: CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE. ]

CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE

One Entire Pack of Cards

From "The Official Rules of Card Games, " copyright 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1904, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1913, by The U. S. Playing Card Co. , Cincinnati, Ohio. 

PLAY

The player pays 52 counters for the pack and he is paid 5 counters forevery card he gets down in the top foundations. The cards beingshuffled and cut, the first is turned face up and laid on the table. Tothe right of this card, but face down, are placed six more cards in arow. Immediately below the left-hand card of this row that is face downanother card is placed face up, and five to the right of it face down. Another card face up below and four to the right face down, and so onuntil there are seven cards face up and twenty-eight in the layout. 

Any aces showing are picked out and placed by themselves above thelayout for foundations. These aces are built on in sequence and suit upto kings. The moment any card in the layout is uncovered by playingaway the bottom of the row, the next card in that vertical row isturned face up. Cards in the layout are built upon in descendingsequence--K, Q, J, down to 4, 3, 2--and must alternate in color; red onblack, black on red. If there be more than one card at the bottom of arow, all must be moved together or not at all. Spaces are filled withkings only. 

The stock is run through one card at a time and any card showing can beused, either on the layout or foundations. When the pack has been runthrough once that ends it. 

[Illustration: ANNA. ]

ANNA

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

 I. The foundations follow suit. 

 II. The uppermost card of each packet of the helps is alone availableuntil its removal releases the card beneath. 

III. When queens appear among the helps, whether placed in the originaldeal or in refilling vacancies, no other cards can be laid upon them. They remain as single cards. 

PLAY

Deal out eight cards in the shape of a capital A: these are calledhelps. Whenever in the course of the deal knaves turn up, they are tobe placed so as to form the letter N (see tableau). The eight knavesare the foundation cards, which _descend_ in sequence to kings. 

When the helps (letter A) have been laid out, play from them anysuitable cards to continue the foundations (if any of these have beenalready placed), refilling the vacancies from the pack or talon. Younext proceed to form marriages in _ascending_ line with cards of thehelps, except in the case of queens, on which cards must not be placed(Rules II and III). 

When no other cards can be played or married, proceed to deal out theentire pack, playing the knaves and other suitable cards formingmarriages with cards in the helps, refilling vacancies and placingunsuitable cards as a talon. 

If the game succeeds, the final tableau shows the letter A composed ofqueens, and the letter N of kings, with which the foundation cardsterminate. 

The talon may be re-dealt twice.