A COVNTER-BLASTE TO TOBACCO. This Edition is limited to seventy-five Large Paper copies, and two hundred and seventy-five Small Paper copies, issued only to Subscribers. Bibliotheca Curiosa. A COVNTER-BLASTE TO TOBACCO. (_WRITTEN BY KING JAMES I. _) EDITED BY EDMUND GOLDSMID, F. R. H. S. PRIVATELY PRINTED, EDINBURGH. 1884. A Covnter-Blaste To Tobacco. IMPRINTED AT LONDON by R. B. _Anno_ 1604. Transcriber's note: Footnotes moved to end of text. TO THE READER. As euery humane body _(deare Countrey men) how wholesome soeuer, benotwithstanding subiect, or at least naturally inclined to some sorts ofdiseases, or infirmities: so is there no Common-wealth, orBody-politicke, how well gouerned, or peaceable soeuer it bee, thatlackes the owne popular errors, and naturally enclined corruptions: andtherefore is it no wonder, although this our Countrey and Common-wealth, though peaceable, though wealthy, though long flourishing in both, beamongst the rest, subiect to the owne naturall infirmities. We are ofall Nations the people most louing and most reuerently obedient to ourPrince, yet are wee (as time has often borne witnesse) too easie to beseduced to make Rebellion, vpon very slight grounds. Our fortunate andoff prooued valour in warres abroad, our heartie and reuerent obedienceto our Princes at home, hath bred vs a long, and a thrice happy peace:Our Peace hath bred wealth: And Peace and wealth hath brought foorth agenerall sluggishnesse, which makes vs wallow in all sorts of idledelights, and soft delicacies, The first seedes of the subuersion of allgreat Monarchies. Our Cleargie are become negligent and lazie, ourNobilitie and Gentrie prodigall, and solde to their priuate delights, Our Lawyers couetous, our Common-people prodigall and curious; andgenerally all sorts of people more carefull for their priuate ends, thenfor their mother the Common-wealth. For remedie whereof, it is the Kings(as the proper Phisician of his Politicke-body) to purge it of all thosediseases, by Medicines meete for the same: as by a certaine milde, andyet iust form of gouernment, to maintaine the Publicke quietnesse, andpreuent all occasions of Commotion: by the example of his owne Personand Court, to make vs all ashamed of our sluggish delicacie, and tostirre vs up to the practise againe of all honest exercises, andMartiall shadowes of VVarre; As likewise by his, and his Courtsmoderatenesse in Apparell, to make vs ashamed of our prodigalitie: Byhis quicke admonitions and carefull overseeing of the Cleargie to wakenthem vp againe, to be more diligent in their Offices: By the sharpetriall, and seuere punishment of the partiall, couetous and bribingLawyers, to reforme their corruptions: And generally by the example ofhis owne Person, and by the due execution of good Lawes, to reform andabolish, piece and piece, these old and euill grounded abuses. For thiswill not bee_ Opus vnius diei, _but as euery one of these diseases, must from the_ King _receiue the owne cure proper for it, so are theresome sorts of abuses in Common-wealths, that though they be of so baseand contemptible a condition, as they are too low for the Law to lookeon, and too meane for a_ King _to interpone his authoritie, or bend hiseye vpon: yet are they corruptions, as well as the greatest of them. Sois an Ant an_ Animal, _as well as an Elephant: so is a VVrenne_ Auis, _as well as a Swanne, and so is a small dint of the Toothake, a diseaseas well as the fearefull Plague is. But for these base sorts ofcorruption in Common-wealthes, not onely the_ King, _or any inferiorMagistrate, but_ Quilibet è populo _may serve to be a Phisician, bydiscouering and impugning the error, and by perswading reformationthereof. _ _And surely in my opinion, there cannot be a more base, and yet hurtfullcorruption in a Countrey, then is the vile vse (or other abuse) oftaking_ Tobacco _in this Kingdome, which hath moued me, shortly todiscouer the abuses thereof in this following little Pamphlet. _ _If any thinke it a light Argument, so it is but a toy that is bestowedupon it. And since the Subiect is but of Smoke, I thinke the fume of anidle braine, may serue for a sufficient battery against so fumous andfeeble an enemy. If my grounds be found true, it is all I looke for; butif they cary the force of perswasion with them, it is all I can wish, and more than I can expect. My onely care is, that you, my deareCountrey-men, may rightly conceiue euen by this smallest trifle, of thesinceritie of my meaning in great matters, never to spare any_ _paine that may tend to the_ _procuring of your weale_ _and prosperitie. _ A COVNTER-BLASTE TO TOBACCO. That the manifolde abuses of this vile custome of _Tobacco_ taking, maythe better be espied, it is fit, that first you enter into considerationboth of the first originall thereof, and likewise of the reasons of thefirst entry thereof into this Countrey. For certainely as such customes, that haue their first institution either from a godly, necessary, orhonorable ground, and are first brought in, by the meanes of someworthy, vertuous, and great Personage, are euer, and most iustly, holdenin great and reuerent estimation and account, by all wise, vertuous, andtemperate spirits: So should it by the contrary, iustly bring a greatdisgrace into that sort of customes, which hauing their originall frombase corruption and barbarity, doe in like sort, make their first entryinto a Countrey, by an inconsiderate and childish affectation ofNoueltie, as is the true case of the first inuention of _Tobacco_taking, and of the first entry thereof among vs. For _Tobacco_ being acommon herbe, which (though vnder diuers names) growes almosteuerywhere, was first found out by some of the barbarous _Indians_, tobe a Preseruative, or Antidot against the Pockes, a filthy disease, whereunto these barbarous people are (as all men know) very muchsubiect, what through the vncleanly and adust constitution of theirbodies, and what through the intemperate heate of their Climate: so thatas from them was first brought into Christendome, that most detestabledisease, so from them likewise was brought this vse of _Tobacco_, as astinking and vnsauorie Antidot, for so corrupted and execrable aMaladie, the stinking Suffumigation whereof they yet vse against thatdisease, making so one canker or venime to eate out another. And now good Countrey men let vs (I pray you) consider, what honour orpolicie can mooue vs to imitate the barbarous and beastly maners of thewilde, godlesse, and slauish _Indians_, especially in so vile andstinking a custome? Shall wee disdaine to imitate the maners of ourneighbour _France_ (hauing the stile of the first Christian Kingdom) andthat cannot endure the spirit of the Spaniards (their King being nowcomparable in largenes of Dominions to the great Emperor of _Turkie_). Shall wee, I say, that haue bene so long ciuill and wealthy in Peace, famous and inuincible in Warre, fortunate in both, we that haue beneeuer able to aide any of our neighbours (but neuer deafed any of theireares with any of our supplications for assistance) shall we, I say, without blushing, abase our selues so farre, as to imitate these beastly_Indians_, slaves to the _Spaniards_, refuse to the world, and as yetaliens from the holy Couenant of God? Why doe we not as well imitatethem in walking naked as they doe? in preferring glasses, feathers, andsuch toyes, to golde and precious stones, as they do? yea why do we notdenie God and adore the Deuill, as they doe?[A] Now to the corrupted basenesse of the first vse of this _Tobacco_, doethvery well agree the foolish and groundlesse first entry thereof intothis Kingdome. It is not so long since the first entry of this abuseamongst vs here, as this present age cannot yet very well remember, boththe first Author, [B] and the forme of the first introduction of itamongst vs. It was neither brought in by King, great Conquerour, norlearned Doctor of Phisicke. With the report of a great discouery for a Conquest, some two or threeSauage men, were brought in, together with this Sauage custome. But thepitie is, the poore wilde barbarous men died, but that vile barbarouscustome is yet aliue, [C] yea in fresh vigor: so as it seemes a miracleto me, how a custome springing from so vile a ground, and brought in bya father so generally hated, should be welcomed vpon so slender awarrant. For if they that first put it in practise heere, had remembredfor what respect it was vsed by them from whence it came, I am sure theywould haue bene loath, to haue taken so farre the imputation of thatdisease vpon them as they did, by vsing the cure thereof. For _Sanis nonest opus medico_, and counter-poisons are neuer vsed, but where poysonis thought to precede. But since it is true, that diuers customes slightly grounded, and withno better warrant entred in a Commonwealth, may yet in the vse of themthereafter, prooue both necessary and profitable; it is therefore nextto be examined, if there be not a full Sympathie and true Proportion, betweene the base ground and foolish entrie, and the loathsome, andhurtfull vse of this stinking Antidote. I am now therefore heartily to pray you to consider, first vpon whatfalse and erroneous grounds you haue first built the generall goodliking thereof; and next, what sinnes towards God, and foolish vanitiesbefore the world you commit, in the detestable vse of it. [D] As for these deceitfull grounds, that haue specially mooued you to takea good and great conceit thereof, I shall content myselfe to examinehere onely foure of the principals of them; two founded vpon theTheoricke of a deceiuable apparance of Reason, and two of them vpon themistaken Practicke of generall Experience. First, it is thought by you a sure Aphorisme in the Physickes, That thebraines of all men, being naturally colde and wet, all dry and hotethings should be good for them; of which nature this stinkingsuffumigation is, and therefore of good vse to them. Of this Argument, both the Proposition and Assumption are false, and so the Conclusioncannot but be voyd of it selfe. For as to the Proposition, That becausethe braines are colde and moist, therefore things that are hote and drieare best for them, it is an inept consequence: For man beeing compoundedof the foure Complexions (whose fathers are the foure Elements) althoughthere be a mixture of them all in all the parts of his body, yet mustthe diuers parts of our _Microcosme_ or little world within ourselves, be diuersly more inclined, some to one, some to another complexion, according to the diuersitie of their vses, that of these discords aperfect harmonie may bee made vp for the maintenance of the whole body. The application then of a thing of a contrary nature, to any of theseparts is to interrupt them of their due function, and by consequencehurtfull to the health of the whole body. As if a man, because the Liueris hote (as the fountaine of blood) and as it were an ouen to thestomache, would therefore apply and weare close vpon his Liuer andstomache a cake of lead; he might within a very short time (I hope) besusteined very good cheape at an Ordinairie, beside the cleering of hisconscience from that deadly sinne of gluttonie. And as if, because theHeart is full of vitall spirits, and in perpetuall motion, a man wouldtherefore lay a heauy pound stone on his breast, for staying and holdingdowne that wanton palpitation, I doubt not but his breast would bee morebruised with the weight thereof, then the heart would be comforted withsuch a disagreeable and contrarious cure. And euen so is it with theBraines. For if a man, because the Braines are colde and humide, wouldtherefore vse inwardly by smells, or ontwardly by application, things ofhot and drie qualitie, all the gaine that he could make thereof wouldonely be to put himselfe in a great forwardnesse for running mad, byouer-watching himselfe, the coldnesse and moistnesse of our brainebeeing the onely ordinarie meanes that procure our sleepe and rest. Indeed I do not denie, but when it falls out that any of these, or anypart of our bodie growes to be distempered, and to tend to anextremetie, beyond the compasse of Natures temperate mixture, that inthat case cures of contrary qualities, to the intemperate inclination ofthat part, being wisely prepared and discreetely ministered, may be bothnecessarie and helpefull for strengthning and assisting Nature in theexpulsion of her enemies: for this is the true definition of allprofitable Physicke. But first these Cures ought not to bee vsed, but where there is neede ofthem, the contrarie where of, is daily practised in this generall vse of_Tobacco_ by all sorts and complexions of people. And next, I deny the minor of this argument, as I haue already said, inregard that this _Tobacco_, is not simply of a hot and dry qualitie; butrather hath a certaine venemous facultie ioyned with the heate thereof, which makes it haue an Antipathie against nature, as by the hatefullsmell thereof doeth well appeare. For the nose being the proper Organand convoy of the sense of smelling to the braines, which are the onelyfountaine of that sense, doeth euer serue vs for an infallible witnesse, whether that Odour which we smell, be healthfull or hurtfull to thebraine (except when it fals out that the sense it selfe is corruptedand abused through some infirmitie, and distemper in the braine. ) Andthat the suffumigation thereof cannot haue a drying qualitie, it needesno further probation, then that it is a smoake, all smoake and vapour, being of it selfe humide, as drawing neere to the nature of the ayre, and easie to be resolued againe into water, whereof there needes noother proofe but the meteors, which being bred of nothing else but ofthe vapours and exhalations sucked vp by the Sunne out of the earth, theSea, and waters, yet are the same smoakie vapours turned, andtransformed into Raynes, Snowes, Dewes, hoare Frostes, and such likewaterie Meteors, as by the contrarie the raynie cloudes are oftentransformed and euaporated in blustering winds. The second Argument grounded on a show of reason is, That this filthiesmoake, as well through the heat and strength thereof, as by a naturallforce and qualitie, is able and fit to purge both the head and stomackeof Rhewmes and distillations, as experience teacheth, by the spittingand auoyding fleame, immeadiately after the taking of it. But thefallacie of this Argument may easily appeare, by my late precedingdescription of the Meteors. For euen as the smoakie vapours sucked vp bythe Sunne, and staied in the lowest and colde Region of the ayre, arethere contracted into Cloudes and turned into raine and such otherwatery Meteors: So this stinking smoake being sucked vp by the Nose, andimprisoned in the colde and moyst braines, is by their colde and wettfacultie, turned and cast foorth againe in waterie distillations, and soare you made free and purged of nothing, but that wherewith you wilfullyburdened yourselues: and therefore are you no wiser in taking _Tobacco_for purging you of distillations, then if for preuenting the Cholike youwould take all kinde of windie meates and drinkes, and for preuentingthe Stone, you would take all kinde of meates and drinkes, that wouldbreede grauell in the Kidneys, and then when you were forced to auoydemuch winde out of your stomacke, and much grauell in your Vrine, thatyou should attribute the thanke thereof to such nourishments as bredthose within you, that behoued either to be expelled by the force ofnature, or you to haue _burst at the broad side_, as the Prouerbe is. As for the other two reasons founded vpon experience. The first of whichis that the whole people would not haue taken so generall a good likingthereof, if they had not by experience found it verie soueraigne, andgood for them: For answere thereunto how easily the mindes of anypeople, wherewith God hath replenished this world, may be drawen to thefoolish affectation of any noueltie, I leaue it to the discreetiudgement of any man that is reasonable. Doe we not dayly see, that a man can no sooner bring ouer from beyondthe Seas any new forme of apparell, but that hee cannot bee thought aman of spirit, that would not presently imitate the same? And so fromhand to hand it spreades, till it be practised by all, not for anycommoditie that is in it, but only because it is come to be the fashion. For such is the force of that naturall Selfe-loue in euery one of vs, and such is the corruption of enuie bred in the brest of euery one, aswe cannot be content vnlesse we imitate euerything that our fellowesdoe, and so prooue our selues capable of euerything whereof they arecapable, like Apes, counterfeiting the maners of others, to our ownedestruction. [E] For let one or two of the greatest Masters ofMathematickes in any of the two famous Vniuersities, but constantlyaffirme any cleare day, that they see some strange apparition in theskies: they will I warrant you be seconded by the greatest part of theStudents in that profession: So loath will they be, to bee thoughtinferiour to their fellowes, either in depth of knowledge or sharpnesseof sight: And therefore the generall good liking and imbracing of thisfoolish custome, doeth but onely proceede from that affectation ofnoueltie, and popular errour, whereof I haue already spoken. [F] The other argument drawen from a mistaken experience, is but the moreparticular probation of this generall, because it is alleaged to befound true by proofe, that by the taking of _Tobacco_ diuers and verymany doe finde themselves cured of diuers diseases as on the other part, no man euer receiued harme thereby. In this argument there is first agreat mistaking and next a monstrous absurditie. For is it not a verygreat mistaking, to take _Non causam pro causa_, as they say in theLogicks? because peraduenture when a sicke man hath had his disease atthe height, hee hath at that instant taken _Tobacco_, and afterward hisdisease taking the naturall course of declining, and consequently thepatient of recouering his health, O then the _Tobacco_ forsooth, was theworker of that miracle. Beside that, it is a thing well knowen to allPhysicians, that the apprehension and conceit of the patient hath bywakening and vniting the vitall spirits, and so strengthening nature, agreat power and vertue, to cure diuers diseases. For an euident proofeof mistaking in the like case, I pray you what foolish boy, what silliewench, what olde doting wife, or ignorant countrey clowne, is not aPhysician for the toothach, for the cholicke, and diuers such commondiseases? Yea, will not euery man you meete withal, teach you a sundrycure for the same, and sweare by that meane either himselfe, or some ofhis neerest kinsmen and friends was cured? And yet I hope no man is sofoolish as to beleue them. And al these toyes do only proceed from themistaking _Non causam pro causa_, as I haue already sayd, and so if aman chance to recouer one of any disease, after he hath taken _Tobacco_, that must haue the thankes of all. But by the contrary, if a man smokehimselfe to death with it (and many haue done) O then some other diseasemust beare the blame for that fault. So do olde harlots thanke theirharlotrie for their many yeeres, that custome being healthfull (saythey) _ad purgandos Renes_, but neuer haue minde how many die of thePockes in the flower of their youth. And so doe olde drunkards thinkethey prolong their dayes, by their swinelike diet, but neuer rememberhowe many die drowned in drinke before they be halfe olde. And what greater absurditie can there bee, then to say that one cureshall serue for diuers, nay, contrarious sortes of diseases? It is anvndoubted ground among all Physicians, that there is almost no sorteither of nourishment or medicine, that hath not some thing in itdisagreeable to some part of mans bodie, because, as I haue alreadysayd, the nature of the temperature of euery part, is so different fromanother, that according to the olde prouerbe, That which is good for thehead, is euill for the necke and the shoulders. For euen as a strongenemie, that inuades a towne or fortresse, although in his siegethereof, he do belaie and compasse it round about, yet he makes hisbreach and entrie, at some one or few special parts thereof, which heehath tried and found to bee weakest and least able to resist; sosicknesse doth make her particular assault, vpon such part or parts ofour bodie, as are weakest and easiest to be ouercome by that sort ofdisease, which then doth assaile vs, although all the rest of the bodyby Sympathie feele it selfe, to be as it were belaied, and besieged bythe affliction of that speciall part, the griefe and smart thereof beingby the sense of feeling dispersed through all the rest of our members. And therefore the skilfull Physician presses by such cures, to purge andstrengthen that part which is afflicted, as are only fit for that sortof disease, and doe best agree with the nature of that infirme part;which being abused to a disease of another nature, would prooue ashurtfull for the one, as helpfull for the other. Yea, not only will askilfull and warie Physician bee carefull to vse no cure but that whichis fit for that sort of disease, but he wil also consider all othercircumstances, and make the remedies suitable thereunto; as thetemperature of the clime where the Patient is, the constitution of thePlanets, [G] the time of the Moone, the season of the yere, the age andcomplexion of the Patient, and the present state of his body, instrength or weaknesse. For one cure must not euer be vsed for theself-same disease, but according to the varying of any of the foresaidcircumstances, that sort of remedie must be vsed which is fittest forthe same. Whear by the contrarie in this case, such is the miraculousomnipotencie of our strong tasted _Tobacco_, as it cures all sorts ofdiseases (which neuer any drugge could do before) in all persons, and atall times. It cures all maner of distellations, either in the head orstomacke (if you beleeue their Axiomes) although in very deede it doeboth corrupt the braine, and by causing ouer quicke disgestion, fill thestomacke full of crudities. It cures the Gowt in the feet, and (which ismiraculous) in that very instant when the smoke thereof, as light, fliesvp into the head, the vertue thereof, as heauie, runs downe to thelittle toe. It helpes all sorts of Agues. It makes a man sober that wasdrunke. It refreshes a weary man, and yet makes a man hungry. Beingtaken when they goe to bed, it makes one sleepe soundly, and yet beingtaken when a man is sleepie and drowsie, it will, as they say, awake hisbraine, and quicken his vnderstanding. As for curing of the Pockes, itserues for that vse but among the pockie Indian slaues. Here in_England_ it is refined, and will not deigne to cure heere any otherthen cleanly and gentlemanly diseases. Omnipotent power of _Tobacco_!And if it could by the smoke thereof chace our deuils, as the smoke of_Tobias_ fish did (which I am sure could smel no stronglier) it wouldserue for a precious Relicke, both for the superstitious Priests, andthe insolent Puritanes, to cast out deuils withall. Admitting then, andnot confessing that the vse thereof were healthfull for some sortes ofdiseases; should it be vsed for all sicknesses? should it be vsed by allmen? should it be vsed at al times? yea should it be vsed by able, yong, strong, healthfull men? Medicine hath that vertue that it neuer leauetha man in that state wherein it findeth him: it makes a sicke man whole, but a whole man sicke. And as Medicine helpes nature being taken attimes of necessitie, so being euer and continually vsed, it doth butweaken, wearie, and weare nature. What speak I of Medicine? Nay let aman euery houre of the day, or as oft as many in this countrey vse totake _Tobacco_, let a man I say, but take as oft the best sorts ofnourishments in meate and drinke that can bee deuised, hee shall withthe continuall vse thereof weaken both his head and his stomacke: allhis members shall become feeble, his spirits dull, and in the end, as adrowsie lazie belly-god, he shall euanish in a Lethargie. And from this weaknesse it proceeds, that many in this kingdome haue hadsuch a continuall vse of taking this vnsauerie smoke, as now they arenot able to forbeare the same, no more than an olde drunkard can abideto be long sober, without falling into an vncurable weakenesse and euillconstitution: for their continuall custome hath made to them, _habitum, alteram naturam_: so to those that from their birth haue benecontinually nourished vpon poison and things venemous, wholesome meatesare onely poisonable. Thus hauing, as I truste, sufficiently answered the most principallarguments that are vsed in defence of this vile custome, it rests onelyto informe you what sinnes and vanities you commit in the filthie abusethereof. First are you not guiltie of sinnefull and shamefull lust?(for lust may bee as well in any of the senses as in feeling) thatalthough you bee troubled with no disease, but in perfect health, yetcan you neither be merry at an Ordinarie, nor lasciuious in the Stewes, if you lacke _Tobacco_ to prouoke your appetite to any of those sorts ofrecreation, lusting after it as the children of Israel did in thewildernesse after Quailes? Secondly it is, as you vse or rather abuseit, a branche of the sinne of drunkennesse, which is the roote of allsinnes: for as the onely delight that drunkards take in wine is in thestrength of the taste, and the force of the fume thereof that mounts vpto the braine: for no drunkards loue any weake, or sweete drinke: so arenot those (I meane the strong heate and the fume), the onely qualitiesthat make _Tobacco_ so delectable to all the louers of it? And as no manlikes strong headie drinke the first day (because _nemo repente fitturpissimus_), but by custome is piece and piece allured, while in theende, a drunkard will haue as great a thirst with a draught as when heehath need of it: So is not this the very case of all the great takers of_Tobacco_? which therefore they themselues do attribute to a bewitchingqualitie in it. Thirdly, is it not the greatest sinne of all, that youthe people of all sortes of this Kingdome, who are created and ordeinedby God to bestowe both your persons and goods for the maintenance bothof the honour and safetie of your King and Commonwealth, should disableyourselves in both? In your persons hauing by this continuall vilecustome brought yourselues to this shameful imbecilitie, that you arenot able to ride or walke the journey of a Jewes Sabboth, but you musthaue a reekie cole brought you from the next poore house to kindle your_Tobacco_ with? where as he cannot be thought able for any seruice inthe warres, that cannot endure oftentimes the want of meate, drinke, andsleepe, much more then must hee endure the want of _Tobacco_. In thetimes of the many glorious and victorious battailes fought by thisnation, there was no word of _Tobacco_. But now if it were time ofwarres, and that you were to make some sudden _Caualcado_[H] vpon yourenemies, if any of you should seeke leisure to stay behinde his fellowefor taking of _Tobacco_, for my part I should neuer bee sorie for anyeuill chance that might befall him. [I] To take a custome in any thingthat bee left againe, is most harmefull to the people of any land. _Mollicies_ and delicacie were the wracke and ouerthrow, first of thePersian, and next of the Romane Empire. And this very custome of taking_Tobacco_ (whereof our present purpose is), is euen at this dayaccounted so effeminate among the Indians themselues, as in the marketthey will offer no price for a slaue to be sold, whome they finde to bea great _Tobacco_ taker. Now how you are by this custome disabled in your goods, let the gentryof this land beare witnesse, some of them bestowing three, some fourehundred pounds a yeere[J] vpon this precious stinke, which I am suremight be bestowed vpon many farre better vses. I read indeede of aknauish Courtier, who for abusing the fauour of the Emperour _AlexanderSeuerus_ his master by taking bribes to intercede, for sundry persons inhis master's eare (for whom he neuer once opened his mouth) was iustlychoked with smoke, with this doome, _Fumo pereat, qui fumum vendidit_:but of so many smoke-buyers, as are at this present in this kingdome, Ineuer read nor heard. And for the vanities committed in this filthie custome, is it not bothgreat vanitie and vncleanenesse, that at the table, a place of respect, of cleanlinesse, of modestie, men should not be ashamed, to sit tossingof _Tobacco pipes_, and puffing of the smoke of _Tobacco_ one toanother, making the filthie smoke and stinke thereof, to exhale athwartthe dishes, and infect the aire, when very often, men that abhorre itare at their repast? Surely Smoke becomes a kitchin far better then aDining chamber, and yet it makes a kitchen also oftentimes in the inwardparts of men, soiling and infecting them, with an vnctuous and oilykinde of Soote, as hath bene found in some great _Tobacco_ takers, thatafter their death were opened. And not onely meate time, but no othertime nor action is exempted from the publicke vse of this vnciuilltricke: so as if the wiues of _Diepe_ list to contest with this nationfor good maners their worst maners would in all reason be found at leastnot so dishonest (as ours are) in this point. The publike vse whereof, at all times, and in all places, hath now so farre preuailed, as diuersmen very sound both in iudgement, and complexion, haue bene at lastforced to take it also without desire, partly because they were ashamedto seeme singular (like the two Philosophers that were forced to duckthemselues in that raine water, and so become fooles as well as the restof the people) and partly, to be as one that was content to eateGarlicke (which he did not loue) that he might not be troubled with thesmell of it, in the breath of his fellowes. And is it not a greatvanitie, that a man cannot heartily welcome his friend now, but straightthey must bee in hand with _Tobacco_? No it is become in place of acure, a point of good fellowship, and he that will refuse to take a pipeof _Tobacco_ among his fellowes, (though by his own election he wouldrather feele the sauour of a Sinke[K]) is accounted peeuish and no goodcompany, euen as they doe with tippeling in the cold Easterne Countries. Yea the Mistresse cannot in a more manerly kinde, entertaine herseruant, then by giuing him out of her faire hand a pipe of _Tobacco_. But herein is not onely a great vanitie, but a great contempt of God'sgood giftes, that the sweetenesse of mans breath, being a good gift ofGod, should be willfully corrupted by this stinking smoke, wherein Imust confesse, it hath too strong a vertue: and so that which is anornament of nature, and can neither by any artifice be at the firstacquired, nor once lost, be recouered againe, shall be filthilycorrupted with an incurable stinke, which vile qualitie is as directlycontrary to that wrong opinion which is holden of the wholesomnessethereof, as the venime of putrifaction is contrary to the vertuePreseruatiue. Moreouer, which is a great iniquitie, and against all humanitie, thehusband shall not bee ashamed, to reduce thereby his delicate, wholesome, and cleane complexioned wife, to that extremetie, that eithershee must also corrupt her sweete breath therewith, or else resolue toliue in a perpetuall stinking torment. Haue you not reason then to bee ashamed, and to forbeare this filthienoueltie, so basely grounded, so foolishly receiued and so grosselymistaken in the right vse thereof? In your abuse thereof sinningagainst God, harming yourselues both in persons and goods, and takingalso thereby the markes and notes of vanitie vpon you: by the customethereof making your selues to be wondered at by all forraine ciuilNations, and by all strangers that come among you, to be scorned andcontemned. A custome lothsome to the eye, hatefull to the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blackestinking fume thereof, neerest resembling the horrible Stigian smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse. UNWIN BROTHERS, PRINTERS, LONDON AND CHILWORTH. FOOTNOTES: [Footnote A: This argument is merely that because an inferior race hasmade a discovery, a superior one would be debasing itself by making useof it. ] [Footnote B: By Sir Walter Raleigh, one of the greatest and most learnedmen of the age, whose head the author cut off, partly influenced, nodoubt, by his detestation of tobacco. Smokers may therefore look uponthe author of the "History of the World" as the first martyr in theircause. ] [Footnote C: A centenarian has recently died, the papers relate, who, till within a few days of his death, was in perfect health, having beena constant smoker, but was unfortunately induced by his friends to giveup the habit, from which moment he rapidly sank. Probably thesebarbarians were affected in the same manner. ] [Footnote D: Had the royal pedant ever heard of locking the stable doorafter the horse has been stolen?] [Footnote E: The previous arguments can of course have no weight in ourday, but this tendency to imitate others is as true now as then. Evidently, if the Darwinian theory holds good, a matter of threecenturies is not sufficient to cause any perceptible diminution in thestrength of original instinct inherited from the ape. ] [Footnote F: Time has taken upon itself to upset this argument; forthough the novelty may certainly be said to have worn off, the habititself is more firmly rooted than ever. ] [Footnote G: This shows that so late as the 17th century the influenceof the planets on the body was an article of firm belief, even amongstthe learned. The following recipes may be of interest to the reader. They are taken from a manuscript volume which belonged to and wasprobably written by Sir John Floyer, physician to King Charles II. , whopractised at Lichfield, in the Cathedral library of which city thevolume now is:--"An antidote to ye plague: take a cock chicken and pulloff ye feathers from ye tayle till ye rump bee bare; you hold ye bare ofye same upon ye sore, and ye chicken will gape and labour for life, andin ye end will dye. Then take another and do ye like, and so anotherstill as they dye, till one lives, for then ye venome is drawne out. Thelast chicken will live and ye patient will mend very speedily. " "Madness in a dog: 'Pega, Tega, Sega, Docemena Mega. ' These wordswritten, and ye paper rowl'd up and given to a dog, or anything that ismad, cure him. "] [Footnote H: Or Camisado. A night attack on horseback, wherein theattacking party put their shirts on over their armour, in order torecognise each other in the darkness. Charles II. Attempted a Camisadoat Worcester, which did not succeed, owing to treachery. ] [Footnote I: Our royal author would no doubt have been astonished to seeEnglish officers smoking on the field of battle, which I am told is nowa common occurrence. ] [Footnote J: It was not dreamt of in James's philosophy, that the priceof tobacco might fall to 5s. 6d. And less a pound. ] [Footnote K: They still say in Scotland, "To feel a smell. "]