DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION

CENTENNIAL 1876-1976

Facsimile reprinted

by

Forest Press DivisionLake Placid Educational Foundation

* * *

Printed and BoundKingsport Press, Inc. KINGSPORT, TENNESSEE

A

CLASSIFICATION

AND

SUBJECT INDEX

FOR

CATALOGUING AND ARRANGING

THE

BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS

OF A

LIBRARY. 

 * * * * *

AMHERST, MASS. 1876. 

COPYRIGHTED

1876

MELVIL DEWEY

PREFACE. 

The plan of the following Classification and Index was developed early in1873. It was the result of several months' study of library economy asfound in some hundreds of books and pamphlets, and in over fifty personalvisits to various American libraries. In this study, the author becameconvinced that the usefulness of these libraries might be greatlyincreased without additional expenditure. Three years practical use ofthe system here explained, leads him to believe that it will accomplishthis result; for with its aid, the catalogues, shelf lists, indexes, andcross-references essential to this increased usefulness, can be made moreeconomically than by any other method which he has been able to find. The system was devised for cataloguing and indexing purposes, but it wasfound on trial to be equally valuable for numbering and arranging booksand pamphlets on the shelves. 

The library is first divided into nine special libraries which are calledClasses. These Classes are Philosophy, Theology, &c. , and are numberedwith the nine digits. Thus Class 9 is the Library of History; Class 7, the Library of Fine Art; Class 2, the Library of Theology. These speciallibraries or Classes are then considered independently, and each one isseparated again into nine special Divisions of the main subject. TheseDivisions are numbered from 1 to 9 as were the Classes. Thus 59 is the9th Division (Zoology) of the 5th Class (Natural Science). A finaldivision is then made by separating each of these Divisions into nineSections which are numbered in the same way, with the nine digits. Thus513 is the 3d Section (Geometry) of the 1st Division (Mathematics) of the5th Class (Natural Science). This number, giving Class, Division, andSection, is called the Classification or Class Number, and is applied toevery book or pamphlet belonging to the library. All the Geometriesare thus numbered 513, all the Mineralogies 549, and so throughout thelibrary, all the books on any given subject bear the number of thatsubject in the scheme. Where a 0 occurs in a class number, it has itsnormal zero power. Thus, a book numbered 510, is Class 5, Division 1, but _no_ Section. This signifies that the book treats of the Division 51(Mathematics) in general, and is not limited to any one Section, as isthe Geometry, marked 513. If marked 500, it would indicate a treatise onScience in general, limited to _no_ Division. A zero occurring in thefirst place would in the same way show that the book is limited to_no_ Class. The classification is mainly made by subjects or contentregardless of _form_; but it is found practically useful to make anadditional distinction in these general treatises, according to the formof treatment adopted. Thus, in Science we have a large number of bookstreating of Science in general, and so having a 0 for the Divisionnumber. These books are then divided into Sections, as are those of theother Classes according to the form they have taken on. We have thePhilosophy and History of Science, Scientific Compends, Dictionaries, Essays, Periodicals, Societies, Education, and Travels, --all having thecommon subject, =NATURAL SCIENCE=, but treating it in these varied forms. These form distinctions are introduced here because the number of generalworks is large, and the numerals allow of this division, without extralabor for the numbers from 501 to 509 would otherwise be unused. Theyapply _only_ to the general treatises, which, without them, would have aclass number ending with two zeros. A Dictionary of Mathematics is 510, not 503, for every book is assigned to the _most specific head that willcontain it_, so that 503 is limited to Dictionaries or Cyclopedias ofScience _in general_. In the same way a General Cyclopedia or Periodicaltreats of no one class, and so is assigned to the Class 0. These bookstreating of no special class, but general in their character, are dividedinto Cyclopedias, Periodicals, etc. No difficulty is found in followingthe arithmetical law and omitting the initial zero, so these numbers areprinted 31, 32, etc. , instead of 031, 032, etc. 

The selection and arrangement of the thousand headings of theclassification cannot be explained in detail for want of space. In allthe work, philosophical theory and accuracy have been made to yieldto practical usefulness. The impossibility of making a satisfactoryclassification of all knowledge as preserved in books, has beenappreciated from the first, and nothing of the kind attempted. Theoretical harmony and exactness has been repeatedly sacrificed tothe practical requirements of the library or to the convenience of thedepartment in the college. As in every scheme, many minor subjects havebeen put under general heads to which they do not strictly belong. Insome cases these headings have been printed in a distinctive type, e. G. , 429 =Anglo-Saxon=, under =ENGLISH PHILOLOGY=. The rule has been to assignthese subjects to the most nearly allied heads, or where it was thoughtthey would be most useful. The only alternative was to omit themaltogether. If any such omission occurs, it is unintentional and will besupplied as soon as discovered. Wherever practicable the heads have beenso arranged that each subject is preceded and followed by the most nearlyallied subjects and thus the greatest convenience is secured both inthe catalogues and on the shelves. Theoretically, the division of everysubject into just nine heads is absurd. Practically, it is desirable thatthe classification be as minute as possible without the use of additionalfigures, and the decimal principle on which our scheme hinges allows ninedivisions as readily as a less number. This principle has provedwholly satisfactory in practice though it appears to destroy properco-ordination in some places. It has seemed best in our library to useuniformly three figures in the class number. This enables us to classifycertain subjects very minutely, giving, for example, an entire section toChess. But the History of England has only one section, as our schemeis developed, and thus the two might be said to be co-ordinated. Theapparent difficulty in such cases is entirely obviated by the use of afourth figure, giving nine sub-sections to any subject of sufficientimportance to warrant closer classification. In history where theclassification is made wholly by countries, a fourth figure is added togive a division into _periods_. As the addition of each figure gives aten-fold division, any desired degree of minuteness may be secured in theclassing of special subjects. The apparent lack of co-ordination arisesfrom the fact that only the first three figures of these more importantheads are as yet printed, the fourth figure and the sub-sections beingsupplied on the catalogues in manuscript. Should the growth of any ofthese sub-sections warrant it, a fifth figure will be added, for thescheme admits of expansion without limit. 

The arrangement of headings has been sometimes modified to secure amnemonic aid in numbering and finding books without the Index. Forinstance, the scheme is so arranged that China has always the number 1. In Ancient History, it has the first section, 931: in Modern History, under Asia, it has 951: in Philology, the Chinese language appears as491. After the same manner the Indian number is 2; Egyptian, 4; English, 2; German, 3; French, 4; Italian, 5; Spanish, 6; European, 4; Asian, 5;African, 6; North American, 7; South American, 8; and so for all thedivisions by languages or countries. The Italian 5, for instance, willbe noticed in 35, 55, 450, 755, 850, and 945. This mnemonic principle isspecially prominent in Philology and Literature and their divisions, andin the _form_ distinctions used in the first 9 sections of each class. Materials, Methods, or Theory occurring anywhere as a head, bears alwaysthe number 1. Dictionaries and Cyclopedias, 3; Essays, 4; Periodicals, 5;Associations, Institutions, and Societies, 6; Education, 7; Collections, 9. In the numerous cases where several minor heads have been groupedtogether under the head Other, it always bears the number 9. Whereverpracticable, this principle is carried out in sub-dividing the sections. For instance, the Geology of North America, which bears the number 557 issub-divided by adding the _sections_ of 970 (History of North America). The Geology of Mexico then bears the number 5578: mnemonically, the first5 is the Science number; the second 5, Geology; the 7, North America; andthe 8, Mexico. Any library attendant or reader after using the scheme ashort time will recognize at a glance, any catalogue or ledger entry, book or pamphlet, marked 5578 as something on the Geology of Mexico. Users of the scheme will notice this mnemonic principle in severalhundred places in the classification, and will find it of great practicalutility in numbering and finding books without the aid of Catalogue orIndex, and in determining the character of any book simply from its callnumber as recorded on the book, on all its catalogue and cross referencecards, on the ledger, and in the check box. 

In naming the headings, brevity has been secured in many cases at thesacrifice of exactness. It was thought more important to have short, familiar titles for the headings than that the names given should expresswith fullness and exactness the character of all books catalogued underthem. Many subjects, apparently omitted, will be found in the Index, assigned, with allied subjects, to a heading which bears the name of themost important only. Reference to this Subject Index will decide at onceany doubtful points. 

In arranging books in the classification, as in filling out the scheme, practical usefulness has been esteemed the most important thing. Theeffort has been to put each book under the subject to the student ofwhich it would be most useful. The content or the real subject of whicha book treats, and not the form or the accidental wording of the title, determines its place. Following this rule, a Philosophy of Art isput with Art, not with Philosophy; a History of Mathematics, withMathematics, not with History; for the philosophy and history are simplythe _form_ which these books have taken. The true content or subject isArt, and Mathematics, and to the student of these subjects they are mostuseful. The predominant tendency or obvious purpose of the book, usuallydecides its class number at once; still many books treat of two or moredifferent subjects, and in such cases it is assigned to the place whereit will be most useful, and underneath the class number are written thenumbers of any other subjects on which it also treats. These _CrossReferences_ are given both on the plate and the subject card as wellas on the cross reference card. If a book treats of a majority of thesections of any division, it is given the Division number instead of themost important Section number with cross references. 

Collected works, libraries, etc. , are either kept together and assignedlike individual books to the most specific head that will contain them;or assigned to the most prominent of the various subjects on which theytreat with cross references from the others; or are separated and theparts classed as independent works. Translations are classed with theiroriginals. 

The Alphabetical Subject Index is designed to guide, both in numberingand in finding the books. In numbering, the most specific head that willcontain the book having been determined, reference to that head in theIndex will give the class number to which it should be assigned. Infinding books on any given subject, reference to the Index will give thenumber under which they are to be sought on the shelves, in the ShelfCatalogue, or in the Subject Catalogue. The Index gives after eachsubject the number of the class to which it is assigned. Most names ofcountries, towns, animals, plants, minerals, diseases, &c, have beenomitted, the aim being to furnish an Index of Subjects on which booksare written, and not a Gazetteer or a Dictionary of all the nouns in thelanguage. Such subjects will be found as special chapters or sectionsof books on the subjects given in the Index. The names of individualsubjects of biographies will be found in the Class List of Biography. Omissions of any of the more general subjects will be supplied whenbrought to notice. 

In arranging the books on the shelves, the absolute location by shelf andbook number is wholly abandoned, the relative location by class and booknumber being one of the most valuable features of the plan. The classnumber serves also as the location number and the shelf number in commonuse is entirely dispensed with. Accompanying the class number is the_book_ number, which prevents confusion of different books on the samesubject. Thus the first Geometry catalogued is marked 513-1; the second513-2, and so on to any extent, the last number showing how many booksthe library has on that subject. The books of each section are alltogether, and arranged by book numbers, and these sections are alsoarranged in simple numerical order throughout the library. The callnumber 513-11 signifies not the 11th book on shelf 513; or alcove 5, range 1, shelf 3, as in most libraries, but signifies the 11th book insubject 513 or the 11th Geometry belonging to the library. In finding thebook, the printed numbers on the backs are followed, the upper being theclass and the lower the book number. The class is found in its numericalorder among the classes as the shelf is found in the ordinary system: thebook in its numerical order in the class. The shelves are not numbered, as the increase of different departments, the opening of new rooms, andany arrangement of classes to bring the books most circulated nearest tothe delivery desk, will bring different class numbers on a given shelf. New books as received are numbered and put into place, in the same waythat new titles are added to the card catalogue. 

The single digit occasionally prefixed to the book number, e. G. The 3 in421-3-7 is the nearest height in decimeters of books too large to be puton the regular library shelves, which are only 2-1/2 decimeters apart. The great mass of the library consists of 2-decimeter books, the sizenumbers of which are omitted. Books from 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 decimeters inheight have 3 prefixed to the book number, and are found on the bottomshelf of each range. The larger sizes are prefixed with 4, 5, &c. , andare found on the special shelves provided, in order to avoid the greatwaste of space otherwise occasioned by the relative location. By this useof the size numbers a close economy of space is secured. 

Thus all the books on any given subject are found standing together, andno additions or changes ever separate them. Not only are all the books onthe subject sought, found together, but the most nearly allied subjectsprecede and follow, they in turn being preceded and followed by otherallied subjects as far as practicable. Readers not having access to theshelves find the short titles arranged in the same order on the ShelfCatalogue, and the full titles, imprints, cross references, notes, &c. , on the Subject Catalogue. The uncatalogued pamphlets treating of anysubject bear the same class number and are arranged on the shelvesimmediately after the books of each section. 

In both the Authors' Catalogue and the Subject Index, brevity has beenstudied because of the economy, but more because of the much greaterease of reference to a short title catalogue. The custom of giving fulltitles, etc. , under authors, and only references or very brief titlesunder subjects, has been reversed. A reader seeking a book of a _knownauthor_, in the vast majority of cases, wants simply the number by whichto call for it, and can find it much sooner in a brief title catalogue. In the rare cases where more is needed the class number refers instantlyto all these facts on the cards. On the other hand, a readerseeking books on a _known subject_, needs the full title, imprint, cross-references, and notes, to enable him to choose the book best suitedto his wants. 

The Subject Catalogue is a full title Shelf List on cards and is for theuse of the public. The Shelf List is a short title Subject Catalogue inbook form, made of separate sheets laced into an Emerson binder, and isfor official use. We thus have without extra labor, both full and shorttitle Subject Catalogues and Shelf Lists. The public Authors' Catalogueis a printed volume; the official Authors' Catalogue or Index is oncards. As a result each of the public Catalogues is checked by anofficial Catalogue; each of the card Catalogues by a book Catalogue; eachof the brief title catalogues by a full title catalogue--an advantagethat will be appreciated by all librarians desiring accuracy ofadministration and catalogues. 

The Arabic numerals can be written and found more quickly, and withless danger of confusion or mistake, than any other symbols whatever. Therefore the Roman numerals, capitals and small letters, and similarsymbols usually found in systems of classification are entirely discardedand by the exclusive use of Arabic numerals in their regular orderthroughout the shelves, classifications, indexes, catalogues and records, there is secured the greatest accuracy, economy, and convenience. Thisadvantage is specially prominent in comparison with systems where thename of the author or the title must be written in calling for orcharging books and in making references. 

Throughout the catalogues the number of a book shows not only _where_it is but _what_ it is. On the library accounts the character of eachperson's reading is clearly indicated by the numbers charged, and theminutest statistics of circulation in any subject are made by simplycounting the call slips in the check box, and recording the numberagainst the class number in the record. 

By the use of size numbers the greatest possible economy of space may besecured, for the size distinction may be made for every inch or even lessif desired, and this without additional labor, as it will be seen thatthe size figure, when introduced, requires one less figure in the booknumber, and so does not increase the number of digits as would at firstappear. 

Parts of sets, and books on the same or allied subjects, are neverseparated as they are sure to be, sooner or later, in every libraryarranged on the common plan, unless it be frequently re-arranged andre-catalogued. The great expense of this re-cataloguing makes itimpracticable except for a few very wealthy libraries. In this systemthe catalogue and book numbers remain unchanged through all changes ofshelving, buildings, or arrangement. In addition to its own peculiarmerits, this plan has all the advantages of the card catalogue principleand of the relative location, which have been used and very stronglyapproved by prominent libraries. 

As in the card catalogue system, there is room for indefinite expansionwithout devices or provisions. Space is the only requisite and if theshelf room is exhausted, the floor space is equally good, except for theinconvenience of stooping. 

Some prominent opponents of classed catalogues have admitted that theSubject Index, in deciding where to class a book at first, and where tolook for it ever afterwards, has removed their strongest objections. Certainly it would be impossible to make an Index more cheaply or moreeasy of reference, it being a single alphabet, of single words, followedby single numbers. 

These class numbers applied to pamphlets have proved speciallysatisfactory. The number is written on the upper left corner and thepamphlets are arranged either in pamphlet cases with the books onthe same subject or on special shelves divided every decimeter byperpendicular sections. As each pamphlet is examined when received intothe library, it is the work of a single moment to pencil on it itsclass number. There is no expense whatever incurred, and yet the entirepamphlet resources of the library on any subject can be produced almostinstantly. The immense advantages of this plan over those in common use, both in economy and usefulness, will be appreciated by every librariancaring for a pamphlet collection. A catalogue of authors may be madeon slips if desired. The pamphlets themselves are the best SubjectCatalogue. 

Though designed wholly for library use, the plan has proved of greatservice in preserving newspaper clippings in large envelopes arrangedby class numbers; and more especially in taking the place of the commonnote-book and Index Rerum. Slips of uniform size are used with the classnumber of the subject written on the corner. Minute alphabetical headingsare used under each class number, the slips being arranged in numericalorder like the Subject Card Catalogue. Clippings and notes arranged inthis way are at all times their own complete index, and have the sameadvantages over the common scrap and note-books that the SubjectCatalogue has over the Accessions Book, in looking up the resources ofthe library on any given subject. Those who have tried this method areso enthusiastic in its praise that it seemed worthy of mention in thisplace. 

The plan was adopted in the Amherst College Library in 1873, and thework of transferring the entire library to the new catalogue at oncecommenced. It was found entirely practicable to make the changegradually, as means allowed, without interfering in any appreciabledegree with the circulation of the books. The three years trial to whichit has been there subjected has more than justified the claims of itsfriends, and it is now printed with the more confidence on this account. It has been kept in manuscript up to this time, in order that the manyminor details might be subjected to actual trial and modified whereimprovement was possible. The labor involved in preparing theClassification and Index has been wholly beyond the appreciation of anywho have never attempted a similar task. Much valuable aid has beenrendered by specialists in many departments, and nearly every member ofthe Faculty has given advice from time to time. Among the many to whomthanks are due, special mention should be made of Mr. C. A. Cutter, thelibrarian of the Boston Athenæum, and Mr. John Fiske, of the HarvardUniversity library, for valuable suggestions and appreciative criticism. While these friends are in no way responsible for any remainingimperfections in the scheme, they should have credit for manyimprovements which have been made during these three years of revision. The essential character of the plan has remained unchanged from thefirst. Doubtless other improvements are still possible, and it is hopedthat users of the scheme will call attention to any proposed change inthe naming or arrangement of the headings, or to any omission whichshould be supplied in the Subject Index. 

Before printing, the plan was submitted to quite a number of librariansfor criticism. Among the hundreds of points raised as to its practicalworkings and usefulness there was only one in which it was not shown tobe equal or superior to any other system known. This objection appliedonly to the arrangement on the shelves; not at all to the catalogues orindexes. It was, that in this relative location, a book which this yearstands, e. G. , at the end of a certain shelf; may not be on that shelfat all another year, because of the uneven growth of the parts of thelibrary. This slight objection inheres in any system where the booksare arranged by _subjects_ rather than by windows, doors, shelves, andsimilar non-intellectual distinctions. 

In this hurriedly prepared account of his plan, the author has doubtlessfailed to meet many objections which may be raised and which he couldeasily answer. He would therefore ask the privilege of replyingpersonally to any such objections, where they arise, believing that itwill be possible to answer, if not all, at least a very large proportion. 

In his varied reading, correspondence, and conversation on the subject, the author doubtless received suggestions and gained ideas which it isnow impossible for him to acknowledge. Perhaps the most fruitful sourceof ideas was the _Nuovo Sistema di Catalogo Bibliografico Generale_ ofNatale Battezzati, of Milan. Certainly he is indebted to this systemadopted by the Italian publishers in 1871, though he has copied nothingfrom it. The plan of the St. Louis Public School Library, and that of theApprentices' Library of New York, which in some respects resemble hisown, were not seen till all the essential features were decided upon, though not given to the public. In filling the nine classes of the schemethe inverted Baconian arrangement of the St. Louis Library has beenfollowed. The author has no desire to claim original invention for anypart of his system where another has been before him, and would mostgladly make specific acknowledgment of every aid and suggestion wereit in his power to do so. With these general explanations andacknowledgments he submits the scheme, hoping it may prove as useful toothers as it has to himself. 

AMHERST COLLEGE LIBRARY, June 10th, 1876. 

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Those interested will find fuller explanations and remarks in the Libraryvolume now being printed by the Bureau of Education at Washington. 

(GENERAL)PHILOSOPHY, THEOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, PHILOLOGY, NATURAL SCIENCE, USEFUL ARTS, FINE ARTS, LITERATURE, HISTORY. 

DIVISIONS. 

(GENERAL)

= 0= 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 20 BOOK RARITIES. 30 GENERAL CYCLOPEDIAS. 40 POLYGRAPHY. 50 GENERAL PERIODICALS. 60 GENERAL SOCIETIES. 70 80 90

=100 Philosophy. =110 METAPHYSICS. 120130 ANTHROPOLOGY. 140 SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY. 150 MENTAL FACULTIES. 160 LOGIC. 170 ETHICS. 180 ANCIENT PHILOSOPHIES. 190 MODERN PHILOSOPHIES. 

=200 Theology. =210 NATURAL THEOLOGY. 220 BIBLE. 230 DOCTRINAL THEOLOGY. 240 PRACTICAL AND DEVOTIONAL. 250 HOMILETICAL AND PASTORAL. 260 INSTITUTIONS AND MISSIONS. 270 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 280 CHRISTIAN SECTS. 290 NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS. 

=300 Sociology. =310 STATISTICS. 320 POLITICAL SCIENCE. 330 POLITICAL ECONOMY. 340 LAW. 350 ADMINISTRATION. 360 ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS. 370 EDUCATION. 380 COMMERCE AND COMMUNICATION. 390 CUSTOMS AND COSTUMES. 

=400 Philology. =410 COMPARATIVE. 420 ENGLISH. 430 GERMAN. 440 FRENCH. 450 ITALIAN. 460 SPANISH. 470 LATIN. 480 GREEK. 490 OTHER LANGUAGES. 

=500 Natural Science. =510 MATHEMATICS. 520 ASTRONOMY. 530 PHYSICS. 540 CHEMISTRY. 550 GEOLOGY. 560 PALEONTOLOGY. 570 BIOLOGY. 580 BOTANY. 590 ZOOLOGY. 

=600 Useful Arts. =610 MEDICINE. 620 ENGINEERING. 630 AGRICULTURE. 640 DOMESTIC ECONOMY. 650 COMMUNICATION AND COMMERCE. 660 CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 670 MANUFACTURES. 680 MECHANIC TRADES. 690 BUILDING. 

=700 Fine Arts. =710 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 720 ARCHITECTURE. 730 SCULPTURE. 740 DRAWING AND DESIGN. 750 PAINTING. 760 ENGRAVING. 770 PHOTOGRAPHY. 780 MUSIC. 790 AMUSEMENTS. 

=800 Literature. =810 TREATISES AND COLLECTIONS. 820 ENGLISH. 830 GERMAN. 840 FRENCH. 850 ITALIAN. 860 SPANISH. 870 LATIN. 880 GREEK. 890 OTHER LANGUAGES. 

=900 History. =910 GEOGRAPHY AND DESCRIPTION. 920 BIOGRAPHY. 930 ANCIENT HISTORY. 940 EUROPE. }950 ASIA. }960 AFRICA. } Modern. 970 NORTH AMERICA. }980 SOUTH AMERICA. }990 OCEANICA AND POLAR REGIONS. }

(GENERAL)

= 0= 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

= 10 Bibliography. = 11 General Bibliographies. 12 Special Forms. 13 _Manuscripts. _ 14 _Anonyms, Pseudonyms, &c. _ 15 Special Countries. 16 Special Subjects. 17 Subject Catalogues. 18 Authors' Catalogues. 19 Library Economy and Reports. 

= 20 Book Rarities. = 21 Manuscripts. 22 Block Books. 23 Early Printed. 24 Celebrated Printers. 25 Celebrated Binders. 26 Materials. 27 Ownership. 28 Prohibited. 29 Other. 

= 30 General Cyclopedias. = 31 American. 32 English. 33 German. 34 French. 35 Italian. 36 Spanish. 37 Slavic. 38 Scandinavian. 39 Other. 

= 40 Polygraphy. = 41 American. 42 English. 43 German. 44 French. 45 Italian. 46 Spanish. 47 Slavic. 48 Scandinavian. 49 Other. 

= 50 General Periodicals. = 51 American. 52 English. 53 German. 54 French. 55 Italian. 56 Spanish. 57 Slavic. 58 Scandinavian. 59 Other. 

= 60 General Societies. = 61 American. 62 English. 63 German. 64 French. 65 Italian. 66 Spanish. 67 Slavic. 68 Scandinavian. 69 Other. 

= 70= 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79

= 80= 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89

= 90= 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

PHILOSOPHY. 

=100 Philosophy. =101102 Compends. 103 Dictionaries. 104 Essays. 105 Periodicals. 106 Societies. 107 Education. 108109 History. 

=110 Metaphysics. =111 Ontology. 112 Methodology. 113 Cosmology. 114115116117118119

=120=121122123124125126127128129

=130 Anthropology. =131 Mental physiology and hygiene. 132 Mental derangements. 133 Delusions, witchcraft, magic. 134 Mesmerism. 135 Sleep, dreams, somnambulism. 136 Sexes. 137 Temperaments. 138 Physiognomy. 139 Phrenology. 

=140 Schools of Psychology. =141 Idealistic. 142 Critical. 143 Intuitive. 144 Empirical. 145 Sensational. 146 Materialistic. 147 Pantheistic. 148 Eclectic. 149 Other. 

=150 Mental Faculties. =151 Intellect. 152 Sense. 153 Understanding. 154 Memory. 155 Reason. 156 Imagination. 157 Susceptibility. 158 Instincts. 159 Will. 

=160 Logic. =161 Inductive. 162 Deductive. 163 Assent. 164165166167168169

=170 Ethics. =171 Theoretical. 172 State. 173 Family. 174 Business. 175 Amusements. 176 Sexual. 177 Social. 178 Temperance. 179 Other. 

=180 Ancient Philosophies. =181 Oriental. 182 Early Greek. 183 Sophistic and Socratic. 184 Platonic. 185 Aristotelian. 186 Pyrrhonist and New Platonist. 187 Epicurean. 188 Stoic. 189 Patristic. 

=190 Modern Philosophies. =191 Scotch and American. 192 English. 193 German. 194 French. 195 Italian. 196 Spanish. 197 Arabian. 198 Scholastic. 199 Other. 

THEOLOGY

=200 Theology. =201 Philosophy. 202 Compends. 203 Dictionaries. 204 Essays. 205 Periodicals. 206 Societies. 207 Education. 208209 History. 

=210 Natural Theology. =211 Theism and Atheism. 212 Pantheism. 213 Creation. 214 Providence. 215 Religion and science. 216 Evil. 217 Prayer. 218 Future Life. 219

=220 Bible. =221 Old Testament. 222 _Historical books. _223 _Poetical books. _224 _Prophetical books. _225 New Testament. 226 _Gospels and Acts. _227 _Epistles. _228 _Apocalypse. _229 Apocrypha. 

=230 Doctrinal. =231 God. 232 Christ. 233 Man. 234 Salvation. 235 Angels. 236 Death and resurrection. 237 Future state. 238 Inspiration. 239 Apologetics. 

=240 Practical and Devotional. =241 Didactic. 242 Meditative. 243 Hortatory. 244 Ritual. 245 Hymnology. 246 Public worship. 247 Social worship. 248 Private worship. 249 Religious fiction and anecdote. 

=250 Homiletical and Pastoral. =251 Homiletics. 252 Sermons. 253 _Doctrinal. _254 _Practical. _255 _Religion and Science. _256 _Political. _257 _Ordination. _258 _Expository. _259 _Commemorative. _

=260 Institutions and missions. =261 Church. 262 _Ecclesiastical polity. _263 Sabbath. 264 Baptism. 265 Lord's Supper. 266 Missions. 267 _Foreign. _268 Sunday schools. 269 Revivals. 

=270 Ecclesiastical History. =271 Religious orders. 272 Persecutions. 273 Doctrines. 274 Europe. 275 Asia. 276 Africa. 277 North America. 278 South America. 279 Oceanica. 

=280 Christian Sects. =281 Oriental. 282 Roman Catholic. 283 English and Protestant Episcopal. 284 Presbyterian. 285 Congregational. 286 Baptist. 287 Methodist. 288 Unitarian and Universalist. 289 Other Christian sects. 

=290 Non-Christian Religions. =291 Comparative mythology. 292 Greek and Roman mythology. 293 Norse mythology. 294 Brahmanism and Buddhism. 295 Parseeism. 296 Judaism. 297 Mohammedanism. 298 Mormonism. 299 Other. 

SOCIOLOGY. 

=300 Sociology. =301 Philosophy. 302 Compends. 303 Dictionaries. 304 Essays. 305 Periodicals. 306 Societies. 307308309 History. 

=310 Statistics. =311 Methods. 312 Progress of population. 313 Progress of civilization. 314 Europe. 315 Asia. 316 Africa. 317 North America. 318 South America. 319 Oceanica. 

=320 Political Science. =321 Patriarchal Institutions. 322 Feudal Institutions. 323 Monarchic Institutions. 324 Republican Institutions. 325 Colonies and Emigration. 326 Slavery. 327 Foreign and Domestic relations. 328 Legislative annals. 329 Political essays and speeches. 

=330 Political Economy. =331 Capital and labor. 332 Banks and money. 333 Stocks, rents, and income. 334 Credit and interest. 335 Communism. 336 Public funds and taxation. 337 Protection and free trade. 338 Production. 339 Pauperism. 

=340 Law. =341 International. 342 Constitutional and administrative. 343 Statute and common. 344 Equity. 345 Criminal. 346 Maritime. 347 Martial. 348 Civil and Canon. 349 Evidence and Forms of practice. 

=350 Administration. =351 Civil Service. 352 _Treasury. _353 _Interior. _354 _Police. _355 Army. 356 _Infantry. _357 _Cavalry. _358 _Artillery. _359 Navy. 

=360 Associations and Institutions. =361 Charitable. 362 Religious. 363 Political. 364 Reformatory and Sanitary. 365 Prisons. 366 Secret Societies. 367 Trades Unions. 368 Insurance. 369 Other. 

=370 Education. =371 Teachers, methods, and discipline. 372 Elementary. 373 Higher. 374 Self-education. 375 Classical and real. 376 Female. 377 Religious and secular. 378 Schools and Colleges. 379 Reports. 

=380 Commerce, Communication. =381 Domestic trade. 382 Foreign trade. 383 Post office. 384 Telegraph. 385 Railroad and express. 386 Canal transportation. 387 River and ocean transportation. 388 City transit. 389 Weights and measures. 

=390 Customs and Costumes. 391 Ancient. 392 Medieval. 393 Modern. 394 _Europe. _395 _Asia. _396 _Africa. _397 _North America. _398 _South America. _399 _Oceanica. _

PHILOLOGY. 

=400 Philology. =401 Philosophy. 402 Compends. 403 Dictionaries. 404 Essays. 405 Periodicals. 406 Societies. 407 Education. 408 Universal Language. 409 History. 

=410 Comparative. =411 Orthography. 412 Etymology. 413 Dictionaries. 414 Phonology. 415 Grammar. 416 Prosody. 417 Inscriptions. 418 Texts. 419 Hieroglyphics. 

=420 English. =421 Orthography. 422 Etymology. 423 Dictionaries. 424 Synonyms. 425 Grammar. 426 Prosody. 427 Dialects. 428 Texts. 429 Anglo-Saxon. 

=430 German. =431 Orthography. 432 Etymology. 433 Dictionaries. 434 Synonyms. 435 Grammar. 436 Prosody. 437 Dialects. 438 Texts. 439 Dutch and Low German. 

=440 French. =441 Orthography. 442 Etymology. 443 Dictionaries. 444 Synonyms. 445 Grammar. 446 Prosody. 447 Dialects. 448 Texts. 449 Old French, Provençal. 

=450 Italian. =451 Orthography. 452 Etymology. 453 Dictionaries. 454 Synonyms. 455 Grammar. 456 Prosody. 457 Dialects. 458 Texts. 459 Romansh and Wallachian. 

=460 Spanish. =461 Orthography. 462 Etymology. 463 Dictionaries. 464 Synonyms. 465 Grammar. 466 Prosody. 467 Dialects. 468 Texts. 469 Portuguese. 

=470 Latin. =471 Orthography. 472 Etymology. 473 Dictionaries. 474 Synonyms. 475 Grammar. 476 Prosody. 477 Dialects. 478 Texts. 479 Medieval Latin. 

=480 Greek. =481 Orthography. 482 Etymology. 483 Dictionaries. 484 Synonyms. 485 Grammar. 486 Prosody. 487 Dialects. 488 Texts. 489 Modern Greek. 

=490 Other Languages. =491 Chinese. 492 Egyptian. 493 Semitic. 494 Indian. 495 Iranian. 496 Keltic. 497 Slavic. 498 Scandinavian. 499 Other. 

NATURAL SCIENCE. 

=500 Natural Science. =501 Philosophy. 502 Compends. 503 Dictionaries. 504 Essays. 505 Periodicals. 506 Societies. 507 Education. 508 Travels. 509 History. 

=5l0 Mathematics. =511 Arithmetic. 512 Algebra. 513 Geometry. 514 Trigonometry. 515 Conic sections. 516 Analytical geometry. 517 Calculus. 518 Quaternions. 519 Probabilities. 

=520 Astronomy. =521 Theoretical. 522 Practical. 523 Descriptive. 524 Maps. 525 Observations. 526 Figure of the earth. 527 Navigation. 528 Almanacs. 529 Chronology. 

=530 Physics. =531 Mechanics. 532 Hydrostatics. 533 Pneumatics. 534 Acoustics. 535 Optics. 536 Heat. 537 Electricity. 538 Magnetism. 539 Molecular physics. 

=540 Chemistry. =541 Theoretical. 542 Experimental. 543 Analysis. 544 _Qualitative. _545 _Quantitative. _546 Inorganic. 547 Organic. 548 Crystallography. 549 Mineralogy. 

=550 Geology. =551 Physical Geography, Meteorology. 552 Lithology. 553 Dynamical geology. 554 Europe. 555 Asia. 556 Africa. 557 North America. 558 South America. 559 Oceanica. 

=560 Paleontology. =561 Plants. 562 Invertebrates. 563 _Protozoa and Radiates. _564 _Mollusca. _565 _Articulates. _566 Vertebrates. 567 _Fishes. _568 _Reptiles and Birds. _569 _Mammals. _

=570 Biology. =571 Prehistoric Archæology. 572 Ethnology. 573 Natural History of Man. 574 Homologies. 575 Evolution. 576 Embryology. 577 Spontaneous generation. 578 Microscopy. 579 Collectors' Manuals. 

=580 Botany. =581 Physiological. 582 Systematic. 583 Ornamental. 584 Europe. 585 Asia. 586 Africa. 587 North America. 588 South America. 589 Oceanica. 

=590 Zoology. =591 Comparative Anatomy. 592 Invertebrates. 593 _Protozoa and Radiates. _594 _Mollusca. _595 _Articulates. _596 Vertebrates. 597 _Fishes. _598 _Reptiles and Birds. _599 _Mammals. _

USEFUL ARTS. 

=600 Useful Arts. =601 Philosophy. 602 Compends. 603 Dictionaries. 604 Essays. 605 Periodicals. 606 Societies. 607 Education. 608 Patents. 609 History. 

=610 Medicine. =611 Anatomy. 612 Physiology. 613 Hygiene. 614 Public health. 615 Materia medica and therapeutics. 616 Pathology, theory and practice. 617 Surgery and dentistry. 618 Obstetrics and sexual science. 619 Veterinary medicine. 

=620 Engineering. =621 Mechanical. 622 Topographical. 623 Military. 624 Bridge. 625 Road and railroad. 626 Canal. 627 Harbor. 628 Hydraulic and mining. 629 Instruments and field books. 

=630 Agriculture. =631 Soil and preparation. 632 Pests and hindrances. 633 Productions of the soil. 634 Fruits. 635 Garden. 636 Domestic animals. 637 Dairy. 638 Bees and silkworm. 639 Fishing, trapping. 

=640 Domestic Economy. =641 Cookery. 642 Confectionery. 643 Food and dining. 644 Fuel and lights. 645 Furniture. 646 Clothing and toilet. 647 Servants. 648 Laundry. 649 Nursery and sick-room. 

=650 Communication, Commerce. =651 Writing. 652 _Penmanship. _653 _Short hand. _654 Telegraphy. 655 Printing. 656 Navigation and transportation. 657 Book-keeping. 658 Business manuals. 659 Other. 

=660 Chemical Technology. =661 Chemicals. 662 Pyrotechnics. 663 Wines, liquors, and ales. 664 Sugar, salt, starch, etc. 665 Gas. 666 Glass. 667 Dyeing and bleaching. 668 Assaying. 669 Metallurgy. 

=670 Manufactures. =671 Metals. 672 _Iron. _673 Marble, stone, and brick. 674 Wood. 675 Leather and rubber. 676 Paper. 677 Textile fabrics. 678 _Cotton. _679 Other. 

=680 Mechanic Trades. =681 Watch and instrument-making. 682 Blacksmithing. 683 Lock and gun-making. 684 Carriage and cabinet-making. 685 Saddlery and shoe-making. 686 Book-binding. 687 Clothes-making. 688689 Other. 

=690 Building. =691 Materials. 692 Plans and specifications. 693 Masonry. 694 Carpentry. 695 Slating and tiling. 696 Plumbing. 697 Warming and ventilation. 698 Painting, glazing, and paper-hanging. 699 Car and Ship-building. 

FINE ARTS. 

=700 Fine Arts. =701 Philosophy. 702 Compends. 703 Dictionaries. 704 Essays. 705 Periodicals. 706 Societies. 707 Education. 708 Galleries. 709 History. 

=710 Landscape Gardening. =711 Parks. 712 Private grounds. 713 Walks and drives. 714 Water. 715 Trees and hedges. 716 Plants and flowers. 717 Arbors. 718 Monuments. 719 Cemeteries. 

=720 Architecture. =721 Architectural construction. 722 Ancient and Oriental. 723 Medieval. 724 Modern. 725 Public buildings. 726 Church. 727 School. 728 Domestic and rural. 729 Of special countries. 

=730 Sculpture. =731 Materials and methods. 732 Ancient. 733 _Greek and Roman. _734 Medieval. 735 Modern. 736 Carving. 737 Numismatics. 738 Pottery and bronzes. 739 Collections. 

=740 Drawing and Design. =741 Free-hand. 742 Perspective. 743 Art anatomy. 744 Mathematical drawing. 745 Ornamental design. 746 _Ancient. _747 _Medieval. _748 _Modern. _749 Collections. 

=750 Painting. =751 Materials and methods. 752 Color. 753 Flemish and Dutch Schools. 754 French. 755 Italian. 756 Other schools. 757 Portrait. 758 Landscape. 759 Collections. 

=760 Engraving. =761 Wood. 762 Steel and Copper. 763 Lithography. 764 Chromolithography. 765 Line and Stipple. 766 Mezzotint and Aquatint. 767 Etching. 768 Bank Note and Machine. 769 Collections. 

=770 Photography. =771 Materials. 772 Ambrotype and Daguerreotype. 773 Photograph. 774 Heliotype, Albertype, etc. 775 Photolithography. 776 Stereoscopic. 777 Portrait. 778 Landscape. 779 Collections. 

=780 Music. =781 Theory. 782 Dramatic. 783 Church. 784 Vocal. 785 Instrumental. 786 _Piano and Organ. _787 _Stringed instruments. _788 _Wind instruments. _789 Associations and institutions. 

=790 Amusements. =791 Entertainments. 792 _Theatre. _793 In-door amusements. 794 _Chess. _795 _Other games. _796 Out-door sports. 797 _Boating and ball. _798 _Horsemanship and racing. _799 _Fishing, hunting, shooting. _

LITERATURE. 

=800 Literature. =801 Philosophy. 802 Compends. 803 Dictionaries. 804 Essays. 805 Periodicals. 806 Societies. 807808809 History. 

=810 Treatises and Collections. =811 Poetry. 812 Drama. 813 Romance. 814 Essays. 815 Rhetoric and oratory. 816 Letters. 817 Satire. 818 Humor. 819 Miscellany. 

=820 English Literature. =821 English Poetry. 822 English Drama. 823 English Romance. 824 English Essays. 825 English Oratory. 826 English Letters. 827 English Satire. 828 English Humor. 829 English Miscellany. 

=830 German Literature. =831 German Poetry. 832 German Drama. 833 German Romance. 834 German Essays. 835 German Oratory. 836 German Letters. 837 German Satire. 838 German Humor. 839 German Miscellany. 

=840 French Literature. =841 French Poetry. 842 French Drama. 843 French Romance. 844 French Essays. 845 French Oratory. 846 French Letters. 847 French Satire. 848 French Humor. 849 French Miscellany. 

=850 Italian Literature. =851 Italian Poetry. 852 Italian Drama. 853 Italian Romance. 854 Italian Essays. 855 Italian Oratory. 856 Italian Letters. 857 Italian Satire. 858 Italian Humor. 859 Italian Miscellany. 

=860 Spanish Literature. =861 Spanish Poetry. 862 Spanish Drama. 863 Spanish Romance. 864 Spanish Essays. 865 Spanish Oratory. 866 Spanish Letters. 867 Spanish Satire. 868 Spanish Humor. 869 Spanish Miscellany. 

=870 Latin Literature. =871 Latin Poetry. 872 _Dramatic. _873 _Epic. _874 _Lyric. _875 Latin Oratory. 876 Latin Letters. 877 Latin Satire. 878 Latin Philosophy. 879 Latin History. 

=880 Greek Literature. =881 Greek Poetry. 882 _Dramatic. _883 _Epic. _884 _Lyric. _885 Greek Oratory. 886 Greek Letters. 887 Greek Humor. 888 Greek Philosophy. 889 Greek History. 

=890 Other Languages. =891 Chinese. 892 Egyptian. 893 Semitic. 894 Indian. 895 Iranian. 896 Keltic. 897 Slavic. 898 Scandinavian. 899 Other. 

HISTORY. 

=900 History. =901 Philosophy. 902 Compends, chronology. 903 Dictionaries. 904 Essays. 905 Periodicals. 906 Societies. 907 Education. 908 Charts. 909 Universal Histories. 

=910 Geography and Description. =911 Historical. 912 Ancient. 913 Modern. 914 _Europe. _915 _Asia. _916 _Africa. _917 _North America. _918 _South America. _919 _Oceanica and Polar Regions. _

=920 Biography. =921 Of philosophy. 922 Of theology. 923 Of sociology. 924 Of philology. 925 Of science. 926 Of useful arts. 927 Of fine arts. 928 Of literature. 929 Genealogy and Heraldry. 

=930 Ancient History. =931 Chinese. 932 Egyptian. 933 Jewish. 934 Indian. 935 Persian. 936 Keltic. 937 Roman. 938 Greek. 939 Other. 

=940 Europe. =941 Scotland and Ireland. 942 England. 943 Germany and Austria. 944 France. 945 Italy. 946 Spain and Portugal. 947 Russia. 948 Scandinavia. 949 Other. 

=950 Asia. =951 China. 952 Japan. 953 Arabia. 954 India. 955 Persia. 956 Turkey in Asia. 957 Siberia. 958 Afghanistan. 959 Other. 

=960 Africa. =96l North Africa. 962 _Egypt and Nubia. _963 _Abyssinia. _964 _Morocco. _965 _Algeria. _966 Central Africa. 967 _Guinea. _968 South Africa. 969 Other. 

=970 North America. =971 British America. 972 _Canada. _973 United States and Territories. 974 _Eastern. _975 _Middle. _976 _Southern. _977 _Western. _978 Mexico. 979 Other. 

=980 South America. =981 Brazil. 982 Argentine Republic. 983 Chili. 984 Bolivia. 985 Peru. 986 New Granada. 987 Venezuela. 988 Guiana. 989 Other. 

=990 Oceanica and Polar Regions. =991 Malaysia. 992 _Sunda. _993 Australasia. 994 _Australia. _995 _New Guinea. _996 Polynesia. 997 Isolated islands. 998 Arctic regions. 999 Antarctic regions. 

SUBJECT INDEX. 

 * * * * *

Find the subject in this Alphabetical INDEX. The number followingit is its Class Number. The entire resources of the libraryon this subject will be found under this number either in the SubjectCatalogue, the Shelf Catalogue, or on the shelves. 

Where a class number ends in a cipher, the subject will be found, on reference to the prefixed classification, to be subdivided. 

 * * * * *

Abolition 326Aborigines North America 970Abortion 618Abyssinia 963Abyssinia language 493Academies 378Academies of science 506Accounts 657Acoustics 534Acrostics 819, 829, 839, etc. Acts and Resolves 328Acts of the Apostles 226Addresses 815, 825, 835, etc. Administration 350Administrative law 342Admiralty Law 346Adultery 176, 345Advent, second 236Aeronautics 533Æsthetics 701Æthiopia 966Afghanistan 958Africa---botany 586 customs and costumes 396 description 916 ecclesiastical history 276 geography 916 geology 556 history 960 statistics 316 travels 916Agricultural chemistry 631Agriculture 630Air 533Alabama 976Alaska 977Albania 949Albertypes 774Albigenses 272, 944Alchemy 540Alcoholic liquors 178, 615, 663Ales 663Algæ 582Algebra 512Algeria 965Aliens 343Allegories 819, 829, 839, etc. Almanacs 528Almanacs statistical 313Alphabets 411, 421, 431, etc. Alphabets ornamental 745-748Ambassadors 341Ambrotype 772America North 970 botany 587 customs and costumes 397 description 917 ecclesiastical history 277 geography 917 geology 557 history 970 statistics 317 travels 917America South 980 botany 588 customs and costumes 398 description 918 ecclesiastical history 278 geography 918 geology 558 history 980 statistics 318 travels 918American languages 499American painting 756American philosophy 191American revolution 973Americanisms 427Amherst College 378Amputation 617Amusements 175, 790Ana, anagrams 819, 829, 839, etc. Analysis, chemical 543Analysis, qualitative 544Analysis, quantitative 545Analytical geometry 516Anatomy, art 743Anatomy, comparative 591Anatomy, human 611Ancient architecture 722Ancient customs, costumes 391Ancient design 746Ancient geography 912Ancient history 930Ancient philosophies 180Ancient sculpture 732Anecdote, Religious 249Aneurism 617Angels 235Anglican church 283Angling 799Anglo-Saxon history 942Anglo-Saxon language 429Animal magnetism 134Animal kingdom 590Animals, domestic 636Animalcula 593Annuities 333Anonyms 14Antarctic regions 999Antarctic regions travels 919Anthropology 130Anti-Masonry 366Antinomianism 234Antiquities, _see_ subject or country. Aphorisms 819, 829, 839, etc. Apocalypse 228Apocrypha 229Apologetics 239Apoplexy 616Apostles 922Apostolic church 274-276Apostolic succession 262Apothegms 819, 829, 839, etc. Apparitions 133Apples 634Aquariums 590Aquatint 766Aqueducts 628Arabia, ancient history 939Arabia, modern 953Arabian language 493Arabian philosophy 197Arboriculture 715Arbors 717Archæology, prehistoric 571Archery 799Architects, lives 927Architectural drawing 744Architecture 720Architecture naval 699Arctic regions 998Arctic regions travels 919Argentine republic 982Arianism 281, 232Aristotelian philosophy 185Arithmetic 511Arizona 977Arkansas 976Armenia 956Armies 355Arminianism 287, 234Armor 355Art anatomy 743Art biography 927Art education 707Art schools 753-756Artesian wells 628Articulates, paleontology 565Articulates, zoology 595Artillery 358Artists' lives 927Arts, fine 700Arts, fine biography of 927Arts, useful 600Arts, useful biography of 926Ashantee 967Ashantee geography 916Asia 950 botany 585 customs and costumes 395 ecclesiastical history 275 geography 915 geology 555 history 950 statistics 315 travels 915Asia Minor 956Assassination 345Assault and battery 345Assaying 668Assent 163Associations 360Associations musical 789Assurance 368Assyria 935Assyrian language 493Asthma 616Astrology 133Astronomical maps 524Astronomical observations 525Astronomy 520Atheism 211Athletic sports 796Atlases 910Atmosphere 533Atonement 234Aurora 537, 551Australasia 993Australia 994Austria 943Authority 171Authors' lives 928Autobiography, _see_ Biography. Azores 946

=Babylon= 935Backgammon 795Baconian philosophy 192Ball playing 797Ballads, _see_ Poetry. Ballooning 533Banditti 345, 366Bank Note Engraving 768Bankrupt laws 343Banks 332Baptism 264Baptists 286Barbary States 961Barometer 533, 551Bas-reliefs 731Base ball 797Basque language 499Basque provinces 946Baths 613Bavaria 943Beauty 701Beer 663Bees 638Beetles 595Beets 635Beets sugar 664Belgium 949Belles-lettres 800Bell-ringing 785Bells 671Bermudas 971Bible 220Bible dictionaries, etc. 220Bible in schools 377Bible societies 362Bibliographies 11Bibliographies-- Special countries 15 Special forms 12 Special subjects 16Bibliography 10Billiards 795Biography 920Biology 570Birds 598Birds palæontology 568Births 312Blacksmithing 682Bleaching 667Blindness 616Block books 22Blowpipe 543Blue laws 343Boating 797Boats 797, 699Bokhara 959Bolivia 984Bonds and stocks 333Bones 611Books 10, 20Book binding 10, 25, 686Book collecting 10Book keeping 657Book rarities 20Booksellers' catalogues 17, 18Boot-making 685, 675Botany 580Botany fossil 561Botany medical 615Brahmanism 294Brandy 615, 663Brazil 981Breviaries 244Brewing 663Bricks 673Bridge-building 624Brigands 345, 366British America 971British Columbia 972British India 954British Museum 369Britons 942, 941Bronchitis 616Bronzes 738Buccaneers 345, 366Buddhism 294Buenos Ayres 982Building 690Burial 390, 614, 719Burmah 954Business ethics 174Business manuals 658Butter 637Butterflies 595Byzantine Empire 949

=Cabinet= making 684Calabria 945Calculators 511Calculus 517Caledonia 941California 977Calisthenics 613Caloric 536Calvinism 234Cambists 332Cambria 942Cameos 736Canada 972Canal engineering 626Canal transit 386Canary Isles 946Cancer 616Canon law 348Capital and labor 331Capital punishment 345Car-building 699Card-playing 795Caribbee Islands 989Caricatures 741Carpentry 694Carriage making 684Carthage 939Carving 643Carving and chasing 736Cashmere 954Castille 946Casts 730Casuistry 171Catalogues--Authors 18Catalogues--Books 12-18Catalogues--Libraries 12-18Catalogues--Subjects 17Catarrh 616Catechisms 241Cathedrals 726Catholic Church 282Cattle 636Caucuses 324Cavalry 357Caves 551Celibacy 136, 176Celtic language 496Celtic literature 896Celts 936Cements 693Cemeteries 719Censuses 310Central Africa 966Central America 979Ceramic art 673, 738Cetacea 599Ceylon 954Chaldee language 493Chances 519Charades 795Charitable associations 361Charts, history 908Chasing 736Checkers 795Cheese 637Chemical agriculture 631Chemical analysis 543Chemical technology 660Chemicals--manufacture 661Chemistry 540Chess 794Childbirth 618Chili 983Chimneys 693China, ancient 931China, modern 951Chinese language 491Chinese literature 891Chinese religion 299Chivalry 322Chloroform 615, 617, 618Cholera 616Christ 232Christian doctrines 230Christian fathers 270Christian institutions 260Christian sects 280Christianity, evidences 239Christianity, history 270-289Christmas customs 390Christology 232Chromolithography 764Chronologies 902Chronology 529Church 261Church architecture 726Church of England 283Church fathers 270Church history 270-289Church music 783Church polity 262Church of Rome 282Church and state 261, 172, 329Circassia 947Circumnavigations 910Citizenship 342City transit 388Civil engineering 620Civil law 348Civil service organs 351Civil service regulations 351Civilization--progress 313Clairvoyance 134Classical education 375Classics, Greek 488, 880Classics, Latin 478, 870Classification 112Clergy, lives of 922Climatology 551, 536Clinics 610Clock-making 681Clothes-making 687Clothing 646Clubs 369Coal 549, 644Coast survey 622Coats of arms 929Cochin China 951Co-education 376Coffee 641, 633Coinage 332Coins 737Coleoptera 595Collections, art 708 drawing and design 749 engraving 769 painting 759 photography 779 sculpture 739Collectors' manuals 579Colleges 378Collieries 628Colombia, S. A. 986Colonies 325Color 535Colors, painting 752Coloring 667Comedy, _see_ Drama. Comets 523Comic works, _see_ Humor. Commemorative sermons 259Commentaries, Bible 220Commentaries, law 340Commerce 380Commercial law 343Common law 343Common schools 372Communication 380, 650Communion 265Communism 335Comparative anatomy 591Comparative mythology 291Comparative philology 410Compass 629, 538, 527Compends-- fine arts 702 history 902 literature 802 natural science 502 philology 402 philosophy 102 science 502 sociology 302 theology 202 useful arts 602Composition 815Composition of music 781Comte's philosophy 194, 145Conchology 594Concordances of Bible 220Confectionery 642Confessional 282Congregationalism 285Conic sections 515Connecticut 974Conscience 170, 233Conservatories of music 789Constitution, English 323Constitution, United States 324Constitutional law 342Construction, architectural 721Consuls 327Consumption 616Contagion 614Contracts 343Convents 362, 271Conversation 177Cookery 641Co-operation 331Copper 671, 549Copper engraving 762Coptic language 492Copyright 343Corals 593Corea 959Corn laws 347, 343Cornices 721Coroners 343Corporal punishment 371Corporations 360Correction, houses of 364Correlation of forces 530Correspondence 816Corsica 944Cosmetics 646Cosmogony 113Cosmology 113Cossacks 947Costa Rica 979Costumes 390Cottages 728Cotton manufactures 678Cotton planting 633Cotton trade 381, 382Councils 262, 270Courts martial 347Cousin's philosophy 194Covenanters 274, 941Cows 636, 637Cranberries 634Crayoning 741Creation 213Credit 334Creeds 244, 280Cremation 614, 390Crete 949Cricket 796Crimea 947Crimes and punishments 345Criminal law 345Critical psychology 142Criticism--literary, _see_ Essays. Crocheting 793Croquet 796Croup 616Crusades 274, 940Crustacea 595Cryptogamia 582Crystallography 548Cuba 979Currency 332Curvilinear motion 531Customs and duties 337Customs and manners 390Cyclopaedias, general 30

=Daguerreotype= 772Dairy 637Dancing 793Danish 498Darwinism 575Deaf and dumb institutions 361Deafness 616Death 612Death and resurrection 236Death penalty 345Debates 815Decimal system 511Decimal weights & measures 389Decorative art 745-748Deductive logic 162Deism 211Delaware 975Delusions 133Democracy 324Demonology 133Denmark 948Denominations, Christian 280Dentistry 617Depravity 233, 216Derangement, mental 132Descarte's philosophy 194Descriptive astronomy 523Descriptive geometry 744Design and drawing 740Design ornamental 745-8Despotism 321Detectives 354Deuteronomy 222Development theory 575Devil 235Devotional theology 240Dew 551Dialectics 160Dialects-- English 427 French 447 German 437 Greek 487 Italian 457 Latin 477 Spanish 467Diamonds 552Dictionaries-- comparative 413 English 423 fine art 703 French 443 German 433 Greek 483 history 903 Italian 453 Latin 473 literature 803 natural science 503 philology 403 philosophy 103 science 503 sociology 303 Spanish 463 theology 203 useful arts 603Didactic theology 241Die-making 736Diet 613Differential calculus 517Digestion 612Digests 343Dining 643Diphtheria 616Diplomacy 327, 341Diplomatics 10, 21Directories 910Discipline, education 371Diseases 616Disinfection 614Dispensatories 615Dissection 611Dissenters 289, 283Distillation 663District of Columbia 976Divorce 343, l73Doctrinal history 273Doctrinal sermons 253Doctrinal theology 230Dogs 599, 636Domestic animals 636Domestic architecture 728Domestic economy 640Domestic and foreign relations 327Domestic medicine 615Domestic trade 381Domestic worship 248Dominos 795Drainage 631, 614Drama, general treatises 812Drama, English 822Drama, French 842Drama, German 832Drama, Greek 882Drama, Italian 852Drama, Latin 872Drama, Spanish 862Dramatic amusements 792Dramatic music 782Draughts 795Drawing 740Drawing-books 741Dreams 135Dress 646Dress making 646Drives 713Driving 798Drugs 615Druids 299Duelling 177, 345, 392Dutch language 439Dutch painting 753Dutch Reformed Church 289Dutch Republic 949Duties 170Duties and customs 337Dyeing 667Dynamical electricity 537Dynamical geology 553Dynamics 531Dysentery 616Dyspepsia 616

=Ear= diseases 616Early Greek philosophy 182Earth 551Earth figure of 526Earthquakes 553East Indies 954Easter 244Eastern church 281Eastern States 974Ecclesiastical history 270Ecclesiastical polity 262Echinoderms 593Eclectic medicine 616Eclectic psychology 148Eclipses 523Economy, domestic 640Economy, political 330Ecuador 989Education 370Education fine arts 707Education history 907Education natural sciences 507Education philology 407Education philosophy 107Education science 507Education theology 207Education useful arts 607Educational institutions 378Educational reports 379Egypt, ancient 932Egypt, modern 962Egyptian language 492Egyptian literature 892Election sermons 256Elections 324Electricity 537Electro-magnetism 538Eleemosynary institutions 361Elementary education 372Elgin marbles 733Elocution 815Emancipation 326Embalming 390Embargo 346, 341Emblems 219Embryology 576Emigration 325Empirical psychology 144Enamel painting 751Encaustic painting 751Encyclopædias, general 30Engineering 620Engineering instruments 629England, history 942English church 283English dialects 427English dictionaries 423English etymology 422English government 323English grammar 425English language 420English literature 820English orthography 421English painting 756English philology 420English philosophy 192English prosody 426English sculpture 735English synonyms 424English texts 428Engraving 760Enigmas 819, 829, 839, etc. Entertainments 791Enthusiasm 137Entomology 595Entozoa 595Epics 811, 821, 831, etc. Epics Greek 883Epics Latin 873Epicurean philosophy 187Epidemics 614Epigrams 819, 829, 839, etc. Episcopal church 283Epistles, Bible 227Epistolography 816, 826, etc. Epitaphs 929Equador 989Equestrian exercise 798Equipments of armies 355Equipments of navies 359Equity 344Eschatology 236Esquimaux 979, 998Essays, English literature 824Essays, fine arts 704Essays, French 844Essays, general treatises 814Essays, German 834Essays, history 904Essays, Italian 854Essays, literature 804Essays, natural science 504Essays, philology 404Essays, philosophy 104Essays, political 329Essays, science 504Essays, sociology 304Essays, Spanish 864Essays, theology 204Essays, useful arts 604Etching 767Etherization 617Ethics 170Ethiopia 966Ethnography 390Ethnology 572Etiquette 177Etruria 937Etymologies, comparative 412Etymologies, English 422Etymologies, French 442Etymologies, German 432Etymologies, Greek 482Etymologies, Italian 452Etymologies, Latin 472Etymologies, Spanish 462Eucharist 265Eulogies 920, 259Europe--botany 584 customs and costumes 394 ecclesiastical history 274 geography 914 geology 554 history 940 statistics 314 travels 914Evidence (law) 349Evidences of Christianity 239Evil 216Evolution 575Exchange 332Excise 336Exegesis 220Exhibitions, art 708Exodus 222Experimental Chemistry 542Explorations 910Expository sermons 258Express companies 385Eye, diseases 616Eye, functions 612

=Fables= 819, 829, 839, etc. Facetiæ 819, 829, 839, etc. Fairy tales 813, 823, 833 etc. Faith 234, 163Family 173Family medicines 616Family worship 247Fanaticism 133Farces 828, 838, etc. , 791Farming 630Farriery 682Fashion 177Fasts 244Fatalism 159Fathers of the church 270Fauna 590Feasts 244Federalism 324Female education 376Female seminaries 378Fencing 796Ferns 582Fetichism 299Feudal institutions 322Fevers 616Fiction, _see_ Romance. Field books, engineering 629Field sports 796-799Figure of the earth 526Filibusters 363, 345, 978Final causes 113Finances 330Fine arts 700 biography of 927Finland 947Finno-Hungarian language 499Fire arms 355, 683Fire departments 369Fire engines 621Fire insurance 368Fire works 662Fishes 597Fishes palæontology 567Fisheries 639Fishing 799Flags 929Flanders 949Flax 633, 677Flemish painting 753Flies 595Flora 584-589Florence 945Florida 976Flower garden 716, 583Flowers 580Fluxions 517Folk-lore 291-293Food 643Foreign missions 267Foreign relations 327Foreign trade 382Forgery 345Form book 349Fortification 623Fortune-telling 133Fossils 560Founderies 671Foundling hospitals 361Fountains 714Fowling 799Fowls 636Fractures 617France 944Franchise 324Franciscans 271Franconia 943Franco-Prussian war 943, 944Free-hand drawing 741Freemasonry 366Free trade 337Freewill 159French language 440French language old 449French literature 840French painting 754French philosophy 194French revolution 944French sculpture 735Fresco painting 751Friction 531Friends, Society of 289Friendship 157Fruit culture 634Fuel 644Funds and funding 336Funeral sermons 259Funerals 390Furniture 645Future life 218Future state 237

=Galleries= of art 708 drawing and design 749 engraving 769 painting 759 photography 779 sculpture, etc. 739Galvanism 537Gambling 175Game laws 345Games 793-7Gardening 635Gardening Landscape 710Gas-fitting 696Gas lighting 665, 644Gas making 665Gastronomy 641Gauging 389Gazetteers 910Gem engraving 736Gems 549Genealogy 929Generation, Spontaneous 577Genesis 222Genoa 945Geodesy 526Geography 910Geography Africa 916Geography ancient 912Geography Asia 915Geography Europe 914Geography historical 911Geography modern 913Geography N. America 917Geography physical 551Geography S. America 918Geography travels 910Geology 550Geology dynamical 553Geometry 513Geometry analytical 516Georgia 959, 976German language 430German language low 439German literature 830German painting 753German philosophy 193German Reformed Church 289Germany 943Ghosts 133Gipsies 949Girondists 363, 944Glaciers 553Glass 666Glass painting 751Glazing 698Glees 784Globes, use of 522Glossaries 413, 423, 433, etc. Gloves 646, 675, 677Gnostics 281God 231Gold 549, 671Goniometry 514Good-Friday 244Gospels 226Gothic architecture 723Goths 943Gout 616Government 320Grace 234Grafting 634Grains 633Grammars, comparative 415Grammars, English 425Grammars, French 445Grammars, German 435Grammars, Greek 485Grammars, Italian 455Grammars, Latin 475Grammars, Spanish 465Granada 946Granges 363Grape culture 634Grasses 633Grasses ornamental 716, 583Grave-stones 718Grave-yards 719Gravitation 531Great Britain 941, 942Greece, ancient 938Greece, modern 949Greek architecture 722Greek church 281Greek commentaries 488Greek language 480Greek literature 880Greek modern 489Greek mythology 292Greek philosophy 180, 888Greek sculpture 733Greek texts with notes 488Greek texts without notes 880Greek translations 880Greenhouses 583, 635Greenland 998Grounds, private 712Groves 715Guatemala 979Guiana 988Guide books 910Guillotine 345Guinea 967Gun cotton 355, 662Gunnery 355Gunpowder 355, 662Gunsmithery 683Gutta percha 679Gymnastics 613Gypsies 949

=Habeas= corpus 343Hamiltonian philosophy 192Harbors 627Harmony, music 781Harmony of gospels 226Harness-making 685Harpsichord 787Hasheesh 615Hats 646Health 613Health public 614Heart diseases 616Heat 536Heathen religions 290Heating 697Heaven 237Hebrew history 933Hebrew language 493Hedges 715Hegelian philosophy 193Heliotypes 774Hell 237Heraclitic philosophy 182Heraldry 929Herbariums 582Hermaphrodites 590, 612Hermeneutics 220Herpetology 598Hieroglyphics 419Higher education 373Highwaymen 345Histology 611Historical books of Bible 222Historical charts and tables 908Historical geography 911Historical societies 906History 900 ancient 930-939 biography of 928 ecclesiastical 270 fine arts 709 geography 910 in Greek 889 in Latin 879 literature 809 modern 940-999 natural sciences 509 philology 409 philosophy 109 philosophy of 901 science 509 sociology 309 theology 209 universal 909 useful arts 609Histrionics 792Holy Land 933, 956Home education 371, 374Home missions 266Homicide 345Homiletics 251Homoeopathy 615Homologies 574Honey 638Horse 636, 599, 357, 619Horse-racing 798Horse-riding 798Horse-shoeing 682Horsemanship 798Hortatory theology 243Horticulture 635Hospitals 361Hotels 390Hothouses 583, 635House-keeping 640Housewifery 640Huguenots 289, 944Human anatomy 611Humane societies 361Humor 818 English 828 French 848 German 838 Greek 887 Italian 858 Spanish 868Hunting 799Hurricanes 533Husbandry 630Hybridism 590Hydraulic engineering 628Hydraulics 532Hydrodynamics 532Hydrography 551, 627, 527Hydromechanics 532Hydropathy 615Hydrophobia 614, 616Hydrostatics 532Hygiene 613Hygiene mental 131Hymnology 245Hypochondria 132, 616

=Icebergs= 553Iceland 948Icelandic language 498Ichnology 560Ichthyology 597Iconography 730Idealistic psychology 141Idiocy 132Idolatry 290Illumination 745Imagination 156Immersion 264, 286Immigration 325Immortality 218, 237Imprisonment for debt 345Incarnation 232Income 333Incunabula 23India, ancient history 934India, modern history 954Indian language 494Indian literature 894Indiana 977Indians, American 970Indians, American language 499India-rubber 675Indoor amusements 793Induction 161Inductive logic 161Industrial drawing 744Industrial schools 607Inebriate institutions 364Infanticide 173, 345Infantry 356Infidelity 211Inoculation 614, 615Inorganic chemistry 546Inquisition 272Insane Hospitals 361Insanity 132Inscriptions 417Insects 595Inspiration 238Instincts 158Institute of France 64Institutions 360Institutions educational 378Institutions Feudal 322Institutions Monarchic 323Institutions Musical 789Institutions of religion 260Institutions Patriarchal 321Institutions Republican 324Instruction 371Instrumental music 785Instruments, engineering 629Instruments, making 681Insurance companies 368Integral calculus 517Intellect 151Intellectual philosophy 140-150Intemperance 178Intercommunication 380, 650Interest 334Interest tables 658Interior, administration 353Intermarriage 136, 618Intermediate state 237Interments 614, 390International exhibitions 600International law 341Intolerance 272Intuitive psychology 143Inventions 608Invertebrates 592Invertebrates paleontology 562Ionian Islands 949Ionic philosophy 182Iowa 977Iranian languages 495Iranian literature 895Ireland 941Irish church 283Irish language 496Iron, bridges 624Iron, manufacture 672Iron, mineral 549, 669Iron-clad ships 359, 699Irrigation 631Italian language 450Italian literature 850Italian painting 755Italian philosophy 195Italian sculpture 734, 735Italy 945

=Jacobins= 363, 944Jamaica 979Jansenism 282Japan 952Japanese language 499Japanning 698Java 992Jests 819, 829, 839, etc. Jesuit missions 266, 282Jesuits 271, 282Jesus 232Jewelry 646, 671Jews, history 933John 226Joinery 694Journalism 50Judaism 296Judgment and future state 237Junius letters 329Jurisprudence 340Jury 342Justification 234

=Kafirs= 968Kaleidoscope 536Kansas 977Kant's philosophy 193, 142Keltic, ancient history 936Keltic, language 496Keltic, literature 896Kentucky 976Kindergarten 372Kinematics 531Kitchen 641Knighthood 322Koran 297

=Labor= 331Laboring classes 331Labrador 972Lace-making 677Lakes, artificial 714Land surveying 622Landlord and tenant 333Landscape gardening 710Landscape painting 758Landscape photographs 778Language 400Lapland 947, 948Latin commentaries 488Latin language 470Latin literary history 470Latin literature 870Latin medieval 479Latin texts, with notes 488Latin texts, without notes 870Latin translations 870Laundry 648Law 340Law of nations 341Lawns 712Lawyers' lives 923Lead 549, 671Leather 675Lectures 815, 825, 835, etc. Legends 291-293Legerdemain 133Legislation 343, 328Legislative annals 328Legitimacy 343Lent 244Lepidoptera 595Letter writing 816Letters 816Letters-- English 826 French 846 German 836 Greek 886 Italian 856 Latin 876 Spanish 866Levant 956, 962Levelling 622Leviticus 222Lexicons 413, 423, 433, etc. Libel 345Liberty 324Liberty of press 324Libraries 19Library catalogues 17, 18Library economy 19Library history and reports 19Lichens 582Life, future 218, 237Life insurance 368Light 535Light-houses 656, 627Lightning 537Lights and fuel 644Line engraving 765Linguistics 400Liquors 663Litany 244Literary criticism 824, 834, 844, etc. Miscellany 819 English 829 French 849 German 839 Italian 859 Spanish 869 property 343Literature 800Literature, biography of 928Literature, classical 870, 880, 488-498Literature, treatises 810Lithography 763Lithology 552Liturgies 444Locke 192, 145Locks and keys 683Locomotives 621Logarithms 514Logarithms tables 514Logic 160Longevity 312Lord's Supper 265Lorraine 943, 944Lotteries 175Louisiana 976Low countries 949Low Dutch 439Luke 226Lunacy 132Lunatic asylums 361Lung diseases 616Lutherans 289Lyric poetry 811, 821, 831, etc. Lyric poetry Greek 884Lyric poetry Latin 874

=Macaronics= 819, 829, etc. Machine engraving 768Machinery 621Madagascar 969Madness 132Magazines 50, 105, 205, etc. Magic 133Magnetism 538Magnetism, animal 134Magyars 943Mahometanism 297Mails 383Maine 974Malaria 614Malayan language 499Malaysia 991Malt 663Malta 949Mamelukes 962Mammalia 599Mammalia, palaeontology 569Man, doctrine of 233Man, ethnography 390Man, natural history of 573Maniacs 132Manners and customs 390Manuals, collectors' 579Manufactures 670Manures 631Manuscripts 13, 21Maps 910Maps, astronomical 524Marble manufacture 673Marbles 731Marine architecture 699Marine insurance 368Marine law 346Marriage, customs 390Marriage, ethics 173Maritime law 346Mark 226Martial law 347Martyrs 272Maryland 976Mason & Dixon's line 326Masonry 693Masonry, Free 366Massachusetts 974Materia medica 615Materialist 146Materials, building 691Maternity 136, 618Mathematical drawing 744Mathematical instruments 629Mathematical tables 514Mathematics 510Matthew 226Mausoleums 718Maxims 819, 829, 839, etc. Measles 616Measures and weights 389Mechanical drawing 744Mechanical engineering 621Mechanical trades 680Mechanics 531Mechanics' associations 606Medals 737Mediæval architecture 723Mediæval customs, costumes 392Mediæval design 747Mediæval history _with modern_Mediæval Latin 479Mediæval sculpture 734Medical botany 615Medical jurisprudence 343Medicine 610Medicine, veterinary 619Meditations, theology 242Melodeons 786Melody 781Memoirs 920Memory 154Mensuration 612Mental derangement 132Mental faculties 150Mental hygiene 131Mental philosophy 140-150Mental physiology 131Mesmerism 134Messiah 232Metal manufactures 671Metallurgy 669Metaphysics 110Meteorology 551Methodism 287Methodology 112Methods of education 371Metric system 389Metrology 389Mexican war 973, 978Mexico 978Mezzotint 776Michigan 977Microscopy 578Middle ages, history, _see_ special countries. Middle States 975Midwifery 618Military and naval arts 355-359 engineering 623 law 347 science 355Militia 355Milk 637Millennium 236Millinery 646Mills, cot. , woolen, etc. 677, 678 paper 676Mill-work 621Mind 150Mineral waters 615Mineralogy 549Mines, mining, engineering 628Miniatures 757Ministers 250Ministers lives 922Minnesota 977Minstrelsy 811, 821, 831, etc. Miracles 231Miscellany, literary 819 English 829 French 849 German 839 Italian 859 Spanish 869Missions 266Missions, foreign 267Mississippi 976Missouri 977Mnemonics 154Modeling 731Modern architecture 724Modern costumes, customs 393-399Modern designs 748Modern geography 9l3-9l9Modern Greek 489Modern history 940-999Modern philosophy 190Modern sculpture 735Mohammedanism 297Molecular physics 539Mollusca 594 paleontology 564Monarchic institutions 323Monasteries 271Monastic orders 271Money 332Mongolian language 499Monitors, iron-clads 359, 699Monograms 745-748Monopolies 331Montana 977Monuments 718Moon 523Moral philosophy 170Moravians 289Moravian missions 266Morea 949Mortar 693Mortality 312Mortgages 343Mormonism 298Morocco 964Morphology 581Mosaic painting 751Moslems 297Mosquitia 979Mosses 582Mothers 173Moths 595, 646Mouldings 721Municipal government 342Mutual aid societies 361Music 780Musical composition 781Musicians 927Mysteries 133Mysticism 289Mythology, comparative 291Mythology, Greek & Roman 292Mythology, Norse 293

=Names= 929Narcotics 615National costumes 390National customs 390Natural history 550-590Natural philosophy 530Natural science 500Natural selection 575Natural theology 210Naturalization 343, 325Nature 500Naval architecture 699Naval science 359Navies 359Navigation 527, 656Navigation laws 346Nebraska 977Necromancers 133Needle-work 646, 793Negroes 573, 326Nepotism 323Nestorians 281Netherlands 949Neuroptera 595Neutrals 341Nevada 977New Brunswick 972New England 974New Granada 986New Guinea 995New Hampshire 974New Jersey 975New Mexico 977New Platonists, philosophy 186New Testament 225New York 975Newfoundland 971Newspapers 50Nicaragua 979Nobility 322Non-Christian religions 290Normal schools 371Norman conquest 942-946Normandy 944Norse 498North Africa 961North America 970North America botany 578North America customs & costumes 397North America ecclesiastical history 277North America, geography 917North America, geology 557North America, history 970North America, statistics 317North America, travels 917North Carolina 976Northmen 948Norway 948Nosology 616Nova Scotia 972Novels 813 English 823 French 843 German 833 Italian 853 Spanish 863Nubia 962Numbers, book of 222Numismatics 374Nunneries 362Nursery 649

=Object teaching= 371Observations, astronomical 525Obstetrics 618Ocean transportation 387, 656Oceanica 990 botany 589 customs and costumes 399 ecclesiastical history 279 geography 919 geology 559 history 990 statistics 319 travels 919Odd Fellows 366Odontology 611, 617Ohio 977Old French 449Old Testament 221Oil manufacture 664Oil painting 751Ontology 111Operas 782Opium 615Optics 535Oracles 133Oratorios 783Oratory 815 English 825 French 845 German 835 Greek 885 Italian 855 Latin 875 political 329 sacred 251 Spanish 865Orchards 634Orders of architecture 722-724Ordination sermons 257Ordnance 355, 683Oregon 977Organ 786Organic chemistry 547Organic remains 562Oriental architecture 722Oriental church 281Oriental languages 490Oriental philosophy 181Origin of language 400Ornamental botany 583Ornamental design 745Ornamental work 745Ornithology 598Orphans 361Orthoepy 411, 421, 431, etc. Orthography, comparative 411 English 421 French 441 German 431 Greek 481 Italian 451 Latin 471 Spanish 461Ottoman empire 949, 956Out-door sports 796-799Oxford University 378Oysters 594, 641

=Paganism= 290Painters' lives 927Painting 750, 698Palæontology 560Palestine 956Pantheism 212Pantheistic psychology 147Papacy 282Paper-hanging 698Paper manufacture 676Paper money 332Papua 995Paraguay 989Parchment 10Parent and child 173Parish law 343Parks, public 711Parliament 324Parliamentary law 348Parrots 598Parseeism 295Partnership 343Parturition 618Passions 157Pastoral theology 250Patagonia 989Patents 608Pathology 616Patriarchal institutions 321Patriotism 172Patristic philosophy 189Patronage 177Pauperism 339Pawnbroking 334Peace and war 172Pears 634Peat 644Pedobaptism 264Peerage 322Peloponnesus 938, 949Penal law 345Penance 244Peninsular war 946Penitentiaries 365Penmanship 652Pennsylvania 975Pentateuch 222Perception 152Perfectionists 289Perfumery 660, 646Periodicals, _see_ special subjects. Fine arts 705 general 50 history 905 literature 805 natural science 505 philology 405 philosophy 105 science 505 sociology 305 theology 205 useful arts 605Perpetual motion 531Persecutions 272Persia, ancient history 935Persia, modern history 955Persian language 495Personal liberty 342Personal property 342Personal rights 342Perspective 742Peru 985Pests, agricultural 632Petrifaction 560Petroleum 549, 665Pharmacopoeias 615Pharmacy 615Phi Beta Kappa 366Philology 400 biography of 924Philosophy 100Philosophy ancient 180 biography of 921 Greek 180, 888 Latin 878 mental 150 modern 190 moral 170 natural 530 of art 701 history 901 language 401 literature 801 science 501 sociology 301 religion 201 useful arts 601Phoenicia 939Phoenician language 493Phonetic short-hand 653Phonetic spelling 421Phonography 653Phonology 414Photographic chemistry 771Photographs 773Photography 770Photo-lithography 775Phrase-books, _see_ Language. Phrenology 139Phthisis 616Physical education 613Physical geography 551Physics 530Physics molecular 539Physiognomy 138Physiography 551Physiology 612Physiology comparative 591Physiology, mental 131Physiology, vegetable 581Piano-forte 786Picture galleries 759Piedmont 945Pig 636Piracy 345Pisciculture 639Plague 616, 614Planets 523Plans for building 692Plants 580 landscape gardening 716 paleontology 561Platonic philosophy 184Platonists, new 186Playing cards 795Plays, _see_ Drama 812, 792Pleading 349Plumbing 696Plurality of worlds 521Pneumatics 533Pneumatology 150Poetical books of Bible 223Poetry 811 English 821 French 841 German 831 Greek 881 Italian 851 Latin 871 Spanish 861Poets, lives 928Poisons 615Poland 949Polar Regions, geography 919Polar seas 998, 999Police 354Polish language 497Politeness 177Political associations 363Political economy 330Political essays 329Political institutions 363Political science 320Political sermons 256Political speeches 329Polity, ecclesiastical 262Polygamy 173, 345Polygraphy 40Polynesia, botany 589 customs and costumes 399 ecclesiastical history 279 geography 919 geology 559 history 996 languages 499 statistics 319 travels 919Polyps 593Polytheism 290Pomology 634Ponds, artificial 714Poor 339Poor laws 343Popery 282Population 312Porcelain 738Portrait painting 757Portraits, photographs 777Portugal 946Portuguese language 469Portuguese literature 860Positivism 146Postage-stamps 383Post-offices 383Potato 635Pottery 673Pottery manufacture 673Poultry 636Powder 662, 355Practical astronomy 522Practical theology 240Practical sermons 254Practice of medicine 615Prayer 217Prayer-meetings 247Preaching and preachers 250Precedents 343Precious metals 549Predestination 231Pregnancy 618Pre-historic archæology 571Presbyterians 284Prescriptions 615Press, liberty of 324Primeval man 571Primitive Christianity 270Primogeniture 322Printing 655Prints 769Prison associations 365Prisons 365Private grounds 712Private worship 248Privateers 341Probabilities 519Production 338Productions of the soil 633Progress of civilization 312Progress of population 313Prohibited books 28Prohibition 178Projectiles 358, 531Projection 744Promissory notes 343Pronunciation, 411, 421, 431, etc. Property 331Property law 342, 343Property tax 336Prophecy 231Prophetical books of Bible 224Prose composition, Greek 485Prose composition, Latin 475Prosody, comparative 416 English 426 French 446 German 436 Greek 486 Italian 456 Latin 476 Spanish 466Prostitution 618, 176Protection 337Protestant episcopal 283Protestantism 283-289Protestantism and Romanism 282Protoplasm 576Protozoa 593 paleontology 563Provençal language 449Proverbs, and quotations 819Proverbs, Bible 223Providence 2l4Provincialisms 427, 437, etc. Pruning 634, 715Prussia 943Psalms 223Pseudonyms 14Psychology 140Public accounts 336Public buildings 725Public charities 361Public documents 328Public education 370Public funds 336Public health 614Public houses 390Public lands 353Public meetings 360Public schools 378Public speaking 815Public worship 246Pulpit oratory 250Pumps 532Punctuation, English 421Punishment 345Puritans 277, 289Puseyism 244, 283Pygmies 599Pyramids 916, 932Pyrites 549Pyrotechnics 662Pyrrhonism 186Pythagorean philosophy 182

=Quadrumana= 599Quadrupeds 599Quakers 289Qualitative analysis 544Quantitative analysis 545Quarantine 614Quaternions 518Quotations 819, 829, etc. 

=Race-horse= 798Races, history 572Racing 798Radiates 593Radiates paleontology 563Railroad engineering 625Railroad locomotives 621Railroads 385Railways, laws of 343Rain 551Rank 322Rationalism 211, 155Readers 418, 428, 438, etc. Reading, art of 815Reading courses 15, 16Reading for self-education 374Real estate law 343Reason 155Rebellion, Southern 973Recipe books 640Recreation 790Reformation 274Reformatory associations 364Reformatory institutions 364Reformed church 289Regeneration 234Regimen 613Regulations of armies 355Regulations of navies 359Religion and science 215Religion and sermons 255Religions, Non-Christian 290Religious anecdotes 249Religious associations 362Religious biography 922Religious education 377Religious fiction 249Religious institutions 362Religious orders 271Religious philosophy 201Remains 560Rents 333Repentance 234, 241Reptiles 598Reptiles paleontology 568Republican institutions 324Resistance of materials 691Resurrection 236Retribution 237Revealed religion 231Revelation 231Revenue 336Reviews, _see_ Periodicals. Revivals 269Revolution, American 973Revolution, French 944Rhetoric 815Rhetoric sacred 251Rhode Island 974Rhododendron 582Riddles 819, 829, etc. Riding 798Right of search 341Rights and liberties 342Riots 343Ritualism 244River transportation 387Rivers 551Roads 625Rocky mountains 557, 917Rodentia 599Roman antiquities 937Roman architecture 722Roman Catholics 282Roman history, ancient 937Roman history, modern 945Roman literature 870Roman law 348Roman mythology 292Roman sculpture 733Romance 813 English 823 French 843 German 833 Italian 853 Religious 249 Spanish 863Romanic languages 440-469Romansh language 459Rome, ancient 937Rome, modern 945Romish church 282Rope-making 677Rowing 797Rubber manufactures 675Ruminants 599Rural architecture 728Rural sports 796Russia 947Russian America 977Russian language 497

=Sabbatarians= 289Sabbath 263Sabbath reform 263Sabbath schools 268Sacrament of baptism 264Sacrament of Lord's Supper 265Sacred biography 922Sacred rhetoric 251Sacrifices 221Saddlery 685Sailors 387St. Domingo 979Sale catalogues of books 17, 18Salt manufacture 664Salvation 234Sandwich Islands 997Sanitary commissions 364Sanitary commissions U. S. 361Sanitary measures 614Sanskrit language 494Sardinia 945Satan 235Satire 817 English 827 French 847 German 837 Italian 857 Latin 877 Spanish 867Savings banks 332Saxon language 429Saxons 943Scandinavia 948Scandinavian language 498Scandinavian literature 898Scepticism 211Scholastic philosophy 198Schools 378Schools Sunday 268School architecture 727School houses 727Schools of art 707Schools of painting 753-756Schopenhauer's philosophy 193Schleswig-Holstein 943Science, Natural 500 biography of 925Scientific societies 506Scientific travels 508Scotland 941Scotch language 496Scotch philosophy 192Scriptures 220Scrofulous diseases 616Sculpture 730Sculptors' lives 927Seamanship 656, 527Secession 342Second advent 236Second sight 133Secret societies 366Sects, Christian 280Secular education 377Self-culture 374Self-education 374Semitic languages 493Semitic literature 893Sensation 152Sensational psychology 145Sense 152Sepulchres 718Sepulture 614Sermons 252-259Serpents 598Servants 647Servia 949Sewerage 614Sewing 687Sewing machine 687Sex in education 376Sexual ethics 176Sexual science 618Sexes 136Shades and shadows 744Shakers 289Shakesperiana 822Sheep 636Shells 594Shells fossil 564Shemitic languages 493Ship-building 699Ship-canals 626, 387Shipping laws 346Shoemaking 685, 675Shooting 799Short-hand 653Shrubbery 716Siam 959Siberia 957Sicily 945Sick-room 649Sieges 355, 623Sight 536Sight hygiene 613Signals 654Sign painting 698Silk culture 638Silk manufacture 677Silk worm 638, 595Silver metal 549Silver mines 628Silver money 332Sin 233Singing 784Sisters of Mercy 362Skating 796Skepticism 211Skin diseases 616Skye 941Slander 177, 345Slang 427, 437, etc. Slating 695Slavery 326Slavic language 497Slavic literature 897Sleep 135Sleep walking 135Small-pox 616, 614Soap-making 664Social ethics 177Social science 300Social worship 247Socialisms 335Societies, fine arts 706Societies, general 60Societies, history 906Societies, literature 806Societies, natural science 506Societies, philology 406Societies, philosophy 106Societies, science 506Societies, secret 366Societies, sociology 306Societies, theology 206Societies, useful arts 606Society 177Sociology 300Sociology biography of 923Socratic philosophy 183Soils 631Solar system 523Soldiers 355Somnambulism 135Songs 784Sonnets 811, 821, etc. Sophist philosophy 183Sorcery 133Soul 233Sound 534South Africa 968 botany 586 geography 916South America 980 botany 588 customs and costumes 398 ecclesiastical history 278 geography 918 geology 558 history 980 statistics 318 travels 918South Carolina 976South seas 999Southern States 976Spain 946Spanish language 460Spanish literature 860Spanish philosophy 196Specie payment 332Specifications for building 692Specters 133Spectroscope 535Spectrum analysis 544Speeches, _see_ Oratory. Spherical astronomy 521Spherical geometry 513Spherical trigonometry 514Spiders 595Spinoza's philosophy 147Spiritualism 133Spontaneous generation 577Sports 796Stables 636Stage 792Stained glass 745Stammering 616Stamps 383Standing army 355Starch manufacture 664Stars 523State 320State ethics 172State papers 328State rights 342State trials 345Statesmen, lives 923Statics 531Statistical methods 311Statistics 310Statuary 730Statute law 343Steam-engine 621Steam-fitting 696Steam-navigation 527, 656Steam-transportation 385, 656Steel 669Steel engraving 762Stenography 653Stereotyping 655Stereoscopes and views 776Stethoscope 616Stipple engraving 765Stock, live 636Stocks 333Stoic philosophy 188Stoneware 673Storms 551Stills 663Strategy 355Strawberries 634Stringed instruments 787Study, methods of 371Stuttering 616Sublime and beautiful 701Submarine telegraph 384Succession 323Suffrage 324Sugar-cane 633Sugar manufacture 664Sugar planting 633Suicide 131Sumatra 992Summer-houses 717Sun 523Sunda 992Sunday-schools 268Supernaturalism 133Superstition 133Surgery 617Surnames 929Surveying 622Susceptibility 157Sweden 948Swedenborgians 289Swimming 796Swine 636Switzerland 949Syllogism 160Symbolism 219Synonyms, English 424Synonyms, French 444Synonyms, German 434Synonyms, Greek 484Synonyms, Italian 454Synonyms, Latin 474Synonyms, Spanish 464Syphilis 616Syria 956Syriac language 493Syro-Chaldaic 493Systematic botany 582

=Tableaux= 791Tables, dining 643Tables, mathematical 514Tachygraphy 653Tactics 355Tailoring 687Takigrafy 653Tales, _see_ Romance. Talmud 296Tanning 675Tariffs 337Tartary 951, 959Taste and criticism 701Taxation 336Taxidermy 579Tea cultivation 633Teachers and teaching 371Technology, chemical 660Teeth 611, 617Tehuantepec 978Telegraph 384Telegraphy 654Telescope 535, 522Temperaments 137Temperance 178Temperature 551, 536Templars 366Tennessee 976Testacea 594Testament, New 225Testament, Old 221Testamentary law 349Testimony 349Texas 976Textile fabrics 677Texts, comparative 418Texts, English 428Texts, French 448Texts, German 438Texts, Greek, with notes 488Texts, Greek, without notes 880Texts, Italian 458Texts, Latin, with notes 478Texts, Latin, without notes 870Texts, Spanish 468Thanksgiving 244Theater, _see_ Drama. Theater, ethics 175Theaters 792Theatricals 792Theft 345Theism 211Theodicy 231, 214Theological doctrine 230Theological essays 204Theology 200Theology biography of 922Theology devotional 240Theology natural 210Theology practical 240Theoretical astronomy 521Theoretical chemistry 541Theoretical ethics 171Therapeutics 615Thibet 951Thirty-nine articles 283Thomsonianism 615Thought 153Throat diseases 616Thunder 537Tides 521Tiling 695Timber 691Tin manufacture 671Tin mineral 549Tithes 336Tobacco 615, 178, 633Toilet 646Tolls 336Tombs 718Topographical engineering 622Topography 910Total abstinence 178Toxicology 615Tractarianism 244, 283Tract society 362Trade 380Trade marks 608Trades, mechanic 680Trades, unions 367, 606, 331Tragedies, _see_ Drama. Transactions 106, 206, 306, etc. Transcendentalism 142Translation, Greek authors 880Translation, Latin authors 870Transportation 380, 656, 345Transubstantiation 282Transylvania 943Trapping 639Travels 910Travels scientific 508Treason 345Treasury 352Trees 580Trees, ornamental 715Trespass 345Trials 340Trigonometry 514Trilobites 565Trinity 232Troubadours 449, 841Trunk-making 685Trusts and trustees 344Tungusic language 499Tunnels 625Turkey 949Turkey in Asia 956Turkish baths 613Turkish language 499Turning 674Tuscany 945Type founding 671Typography 655Tyrol 943

=Understanding= 153Uniforms 355Unitarians 288United States 324, 973 botany 587 customs and costumes 397 ecclesiastical history 277 geography 917 geology 557 history 973 statistics 317 travels 917Universal History 909Universal language 408Universalism 288Universities 378University education 373Upholstering 645Uruguay 989Useful arts 600 biography of 926Usury 334Utah 977

=Vases= 738Vaudois 272, 949Vegetable physiology 581Vegetable practice 615Vegetables 635Vegetarianism 613Venereal diseases 616Venezuela 987Venice 945Ventilation 697Ventriloquism 133Vermont 974Versification 811Vertebrates 596Vertebrates paleontology 566Veterinary medicine 619Villas 728Violin 787Virginia 976Virtue 170Vision 535Visions and dreams 135Vital principle 576, 612Vocal culture 784, 815Vocal music 784Voice 784Volcanoes 553Voyages 910

=Wages= 331Wakefulness 135Waldenses 272, 945Wales 942Walks 713Wallachian language 459War ethics 172War science 355-359Warehouses 380Warming 697Washing 648Washington territory 977Watch-making 681Water, artificial ponds, etc. 714Water colors 751Water cure 615Water wheels 531, 621Water works 628Watering-places 613Wax flowers 745Wealth 331Weather 551Weaving 677Weights and measures 389Welsh language 496West Indies 979West Virginia 976Western States 977Whale 599Whale fisheries 639Wheat 633Whigs 324Whigs English 323Whist 795Will 159Wills 343Wind instruments 788Wine 663Wisconsin 977Wit 819, 829, 839, etc. Witchcraft 133Woman, education 376Woman, suffrage 324Wood engraving 761Wood manufactures 674Wool 636Wool manufactures 677Working classes 331Worship 246-248Writing 651Writing short-hand 653

=Xylography= 655

=Yachting= 797Year books 313Yellow fever 616Young men's association 362

=Zend= 295Zend Avesta 295Zodiac 521Zoölogy 590Zoöphytes 593Zoroaster 295

 * * * * *

EXPLANATIONS. 

 * * * * *

The titles of the subject catalogue are exact transcriptions of the titlepage, neither amended, translated, or in any way altered, except thatmottoes, titles of authors, repetitions, or matter of any kind notessential to a clear titular description, are _omitted_. Omissions ofmottoes are indicated by three stars (* * *); of other matter by threedots (... ). The phraseology, spelling, and punctuation of the titleare exactly copied; but capitals are given only to proper names andadjectives, and initial words of sentences. Any additions needed to makethe title clear are supplied and enclosed by brackets. 

After the titles, are given in order: the place of publication; the year;the year of copyright, if different, in brackets; the edition; the numberof volumes, or of pages if in only one volume; the illustrations, maps, plates, or portraits; and the size nearest in the arbitrary scale, regardless of the fold of the sheet. This scale gives the heights indecimeters. Square and oblong books have the size prefixed by _sq_. Or_ob_. Books 1 decimeter high are called 32°; 1. 5 deci. , 16°; 2 deci. , 12°; 2. 5 deci. , 8°; 3 deci. , 4°; and all others are marked simply by thenearest height, i. E. A book marked 4 is between 3. 5 and 4. 5 decimetershigh. In books having more than one pagination the number of pages isindicated by giving the last number of each pagination connected by a +;an added + indicates additional matter unpaged. 

These imprint entries give the facts regardless of the title page, andare left blank only when they can be ascertained neither from the bookitself or other sources. 

The contents of volumes are given when on title pages, or when necessaryto properly identify the volume, but no analysis is attempted. Necessarynotes are given at the bottom of the subject card after the imprintentries. 

Duplicates are simply marked copy 2, copy 3, etc. , and bear the sameclass and book number, but editions of the same book distinct incharacter are catalogued separately. 

In all the catalogues, books are entered under the _surnames_ of authorswhen known; under the _initials_ of author's names, when these onlyappear, the last initial being put first; under the _pseudonyms_ of thewriters, when the real names are not ascertained; under the namesof _editors_ of collections; under the names of _countries, cities, societies, _ or other _bodies_ which are responsible for theirpublication; under the _first word_ not an article of the titles ofperiodicals and of anonymous books the names of whose authors are notascertained. _Commentaries_ with the text, and _translations_ areentered under the heading of the original work, but commentaries withoutthe text are entered under the name of the _commentator_. The Bible orany part of it in any language is entered under the word _Bible_. Bookshaving more than one author are entered under the first named on thetitle. 

In the headings of titles, the names of authors are given in theirvernacular form. In English and French surnames beginning with a prefix(except the French de and d') the name is recorded under the prefix. Inother languages and in French names beginning with de and d', the nameis recorded under the word following the prefix. Compound surnames areentered under the first part of the name. Noblemen and ecclesiasticaldignitaries are entered under their family names, but _sovereigns, princes, oriental writers, friars, persons canonized_, and all otherpersons known _only_ by their first name, are entered under this firstname. 

The catalogue is not a biographical dictionary, so only gives the namesof authors with sufficient fullness to distinguish them from each otherin practical use. 

Names in =full face type= are the ruling headings under which the booksare entered in the various catalogues. Entries not beginning with thistype are in addition to the first or main entry, and are made under thenames of _translators, editors, commentators, continuators_, etc. , asparticipators in the authorship; also in the case of books having morethan one author, or having both generic and specific titles, or publishedby societies or other bodies, and having also the name of the individualauthor. These additional entries are made in order to carry out the planof the Authors' Catalogue, which aims to give under each author's nameall his works which the library contains. 

The works of an author known by more than one name are given alltogether, under the form of name chosen. Any other name or title by whichhe may be known, if it differs in the first three letters, is entered inits alphabetical place, followed by the word _see_ and the name underwhich the books are entered. Such cross references have no titles givenunder them, but are simply guides to the name chosen. 

A single dash indicates the omission of the preceding heading; asubsequent dash indicates the omission of a subordinate heading or of atitle. A dash connecting numbers signifies _to and including_; followinga number it signifies _continuation_. A ? following a word or entrysignifies _probably_. Brackets enclose words added to titles or changedin form. 

The German diphthongs ä, ö, ü are written, ae, oe, ue. 

Dates are all given in years of the common calendar, and Arabic numeralsare uniformly used for all numbers. 

SUBJECT CATALOGUE. 

The Subject Catalogue on large cards can be used to advantage only withthe aid of the _Classification_ or _Index_. To find what the libraryhas on any given subject, get from the Index the class number of thatsubject. Under this number in the Subject Catalogue will be found thefull titles of the books, with imprints, cross references, and notes. Theclass number, by which the cards are arranged, is given in the upperleft corner and immediately under it is the book number. Any other classnumber given in the left hand margin refers to another subject of whichthe book also treats. When the class number at the top is followed by anadditional figure in brackets, the subject as given in the printed schemehas been subdivided in arranging the cards. This subdivision will befound on the first card of the catalogue which bears this class number. These figures in brackets determine the arrangement of the titles in theCatalogue, but on the shelves, in the Shelf Catalogue, and in calling forand charging books, they are entirely disregarded. Thus a book numbered942(7). 14 would be in the Catalogue among the 942 cards arranged by thefigure in brackets as though it were a decimal, but it would be calledfor as 942. 14, the brackets indicating that the final classing waslimited to the Catalogue and was not extended to the shelves. If a fourthfigure is added without brackets, the final classing is extended to theshelves as well as to the catalogue, and all the figures must be usedin calling for the book. In such cases the added figure is treated as adecimal in the arrangement, though the decimal point is not written. 

The last card which bears any class number, gives under that number, followed by the word SEE the call numbers of other books which treat ofthe same subject, but are classed elsewhere. General cross referencesare also made in many cases without specifying individual books, as from_Commerce_ as a question of SOCIAL SCIENCE (380) to _Commerce_ as aUSEFUL ART, Book-keeping Business Manuals, etc. (650). In such casesthere is a card under 380 marked SEE 650, and under 650 there is a cardmarked SEE 380. From whatever stand-point a subject is approached, thecross references guide at once to the same subject treated in its otherrelations. These cross references both general and specific are oftenaccompanied by brief notes, characterizing the books to which referenceis made. 

There will be found at the beginning of many class numbers, a card notingthe most reliable books on that subject, and the best of the articles inperiodicals, transactions, and collected works with the volume and pagewhere they may be found. It is hoped to give special prominence to thesenotes for the guidance of readers, and they will be added as rapidly asother duties allow. 

Many subjects will have no sub-section cards at the beginning; some willhave no reference cards at the end; and some may have no titles givenunder the number. The scheme provides a place for books on all subjects, whether the library has them or not, so where no titles are given undera class number it shows that the library has as yet no books on thatsubject. 

Articles in periodicals and transactions, separate volumes of sets andcollections which are located together, _if catalogued_ are put undertheir proper subject number, but no _book number_ is given with it. Thecall number of the book, where they may be found, is always given in themargin preceded by the word IN. In the same way special chapters in bookswill sometimes be catalogued, _e. G. _ a card marked 338 IN 331-27, wouldmean that in the 27 books on 331, _Capital and Labor_, there was achapter on 338, _Production_.