Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: the rate was to be five-sixths of the regular list rate, except on jars and some other specified lines of ware.1 The work of which the blowers were relieved was more than one- sixth ; it was close to one-third. The blowers would have shared in the advantage of the reduction of the difficulty of production secured by the machine, but comparatively little finishing is now done by the machine. Definition Of Work (The standardization of what is to be done by the worker for the rate is complementary to the standardization of the rate for each variety of product in securing a uniform rate of payment. The need for defining in the scale the tasks included in the workers' rate is created usually by misunderstanding or non-uniformity in practice with respect either to (i) auxiliary work which may be done by the man who receives the rate but which it is not essential to the process that he rather than any other worker should do, or (2) the payment by the worker, instead of by the employer, of helpers or other assistants aiding or working under the direction of the man receiving the piece rate. Definition of the work to be done for the rate so as to exclude from it auxiliary or minor operations does not mean necessarily that the recipient of the rate will not perform any of this extra work; often it means that such work will not be done except for extra payment. In the latter case definition facilitates the application of the principle generally insisted upon, and sometimes expressly stated in the scale, of " extra work, extra pay."2 'Proceedings, 1900, pp. 52, i11; Proceedings, 1901, p. 13; Wage Scale, 1908-9, sec. 24. In the 1908 convention of the Shingle Weavers the president recommended the adoption of a rule to the effect that where the piece system was still worked local pi...